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Digg  similar_text
Calculate the similarity between two strings
(PHP 4, PHP 5)
Code Examples / Notes » similar_textdmitry dot polushkin
Well... hard to explain, why I have written this function, but maybe it will be usefull. <?php // returns the percentage of the string "similarity" function str_compare($str1, $str2) { $count = 0; $str1 = ereg_replace("[^a-z]", ' ', strtolower($str1)); while(strstr($str1, ' ')) { $str1 = str_replace(' ', ' ', $str1); } $str1 = explode(' ', $str1); $str2 = ereg_replace("[^a-z]", ' ', strtolower($str2)); while(strstr($str2, ' ')) { $str2 = str_replace(' ', ' ', $str2); } $str2 = explode(' ', $str2); if(count($str1)<count($str2)) { $tmp = $str1; $str1 = $str2; $str2 = $tmp; unset($tmp); } for($i=0; $i<count($str1); $i++) { if(in_array($str1[$i], $str2)) { $count++; } } return $count/count($str2)*100; } ?> georgesk
Well, as mentioned above the speed is O(N^3), i've done a longest common subsequence way that is O(m.n) where m and n are the length of str1 and str2, the result is a percentage and it seems to be exactly the same as similar_text percentage but with better performance... here's the 3 functions i'm using.. function LCS_Length($s1, $s2) { $m = strlen($s1); $n = strlen($s2); //this table will be used to compute the LCS-Length, only 128 chars per string are considered $LCS_Length_Table = array(array(128),array(128)); //reset the 2 cols in the table for($i=1; $i < $m; $i++) $LCS_Length_Table[$i][0]=0; for($j=0; $j < $n; $j++) $LCS_Length_Table[0][$j]=0; for ($i=1; $i <= $m; $i++) { for ($j=1; $j <= $n; $j++) { if ($s1[$i-1]==$s2[$j-1]) $LCS_Length_Table[$i][$j] = $LCS_Length_Table[$i-1][$j-1] + 1; else if ($LCS_Length_Table[$i-1][$j] >= $LCS_Length_Table[$i][$j-1]) $LCS_Length_Table[$i][$j] = $LCS_Length_Table[$i-1][$j]; else $LCS_Length_Table[$i][$j] = $LCS_Length_Table[$i][$j-1]; } } return $LCS_Length_Table[$m][$n]; } function str_lcsfix($s) { $s = str_replace(" ","",$s); $s = ereg_replace("[éèêëËÊÉÈ]","e", $s); $s = ereg_replace("[àáâãäåÄÅÃÂÁÀ]","a", $s); $s = ereg_replace("[ìíîïÏÎÍÌ]","i", $s); $s = ereg_replace("[òóôõöÖÕÔÓ]","o", $s); $s = ereg_replace("[ÜÛÚÙùúûü]","u", $s); $s = ereg_replace("[Ç]","c", $s); return $s; } function get_lcs($s1, $s2) { //ok, now replace all spaces with nothing $s1 = strtolower(str_lcsfix($s1)); $s2 = strtolower(str_lcsfix($s2)); $lcs = LCS_Length($s1,$s2); //longest common sub sequence $ms = (strlen($s1) + strlen($s2)) / 2; return (($lcs*100)/$ms); } you can skip calling str_lcsfix if you don't worry about accentuated characters and things like that or you can add up to it or modify it for faster performance, i think ereg is not the fastest way? hope this helps. Georges paul
The speed issues for similar_text seem to be only an issue for long sections of text (>20000 chars). I found a huge performance improvement in my application by just testing if the string to be tested was less than 20000 chars before calling similar_text. 20000+ took 3-5 secs to process, anything else (10000 and below) took a fraction of a second. Fortunately for me, there was only a handful of instances with >20000 chars which I couldn't get a comparison % for. brad dot fish
The link below to the Oliver document appears to be broken. Here is one that works: http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/oliver93decision.html
louis #at# mulliemedia.com
Note that this function will calculate the percentage blindly, without regard to the LENGHT of the string. This may become important if you try to print similar names to SMALL strings : e.g. I want to print out the value if it is 90 percent similar to the other one : the value is HE, the correct value is HEC The similar_text() function will return approximately 66.7 %, and it will not print it because it is smaller than 90 %, although almost all of the string was matched. romain dot boyer
Like levenchtein(), You can do : (strlen($string2) - similar_text($string,$string2)) to see how much characters have been changed. hate
In PHP4+, you don't need to pass the percent variable as reference.. Instead, use this way: <? similar_text($string1, $string2, $p); echo "Percent: $p%"; ?> In PHP5, you'll get a ugly warning message when passing this variable as reference.. But it's configurable in php.ini (allow_call_time_pass_reference = Off) That's it... Another great function! :) julius
If you have reserved names in a database that you don't want others to use, i find this to work pretty good. I added strtoupper to the variables to validate typing only. Taking case into consideration will decrease similarity. $query = mysql_query("select * from $table") or die("Query failed"); while ($row = mysql_fetch_array($query)) { similar_text(strtoupper($_POST['name']), strtoupper($row['reserved']), $similarity_pst); if (number_format($similarity_pst, 0) > 90){ $too_similar = $row['reserved']; print "The name you entered is too similar the reserved name "".$row['reserved']."""; break; } } daniel
If performance is an issue, you may wish to use the levenshtein() function instead, which has a considerably better complexity of O(str1 * str2).
mogmios
$i = similar_text($first_word, $second_word, &$p); echo("Matched: $i Percentage: $p%"); Don't forget your passing the double as a reference. If you use this and soundex() together you can get a pretty good guess as to how well two words match. Is useful for simple bot-like programs. |
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