 PHP : Function Reference : Directory Functions : dir
Example 504. dir() example
Please note the fashion in which dir::read()'s
return value is checked in the example below. We are explicitly
testing whether the return value is identical to (equal to and of
the same type as - see
Comparison Operators for more information) FALSE since
otherwise, any directory entry whose name evaluates to FALSE will
stop the loop.
<?php
$d = dir("/etc/php5");
echo "Handle: " . $d->handle . "\n";
echo "Path: " . $d->path . "\n";
while (false !== ($entry = $d->read())) {
echo $entry."\n";
}
$d->close();
?>
The above example will output
something similar to:
Handle: Resource id #2
Path: /etc/php5
.
..
apache
cgi
cli
thomas
With SPL, you could recursively list all of the folders inside the current directory like this:
<?php
$it = new RecursiveDirectoryIterator('./');
// RecursiveIteratorIterator accepts the following modes:
// LEAVES_ONLY = 0 (default)
// SELF_FIRST = 1
// CHILD_FIRST = 2
foreach (new RecursiveIteratorIterator($it, 2) as $path) {
if ($path->isDir()) {
echo "$path\n";
}
}
?>
fordiman
This one's pretty nice. After getting frustrated for hunting down .jpg files in my massive music collection (PHP would run out of memory), I thought there should be a preg_ls function.
function preg_ls ($path=".", $rec=false, $pat="/.*/") {
// it's going to be used repeatedly, ensure we compile it for speed.
$pat=preg_replace("|(/.*/[^S]*)|s", "\\1S", $pat);
//Remove trailing slashes from path
while (substr($path,-1,1)=="/") $path=substr($path,0,-1);
//also, make sure that $path is a directory and repair any screwups
if (!is_dir($path)) $path=dirname($path);
//assert either truth or falsehoold of $rec, allow no scalars to mean truth
if ($rec!==true) $rec=false;
//get a directory handle
$d=dir($path);
//initialise the output array
$ret=Array();
//loop, reading until there's no more to read
while (false!==($e=$d->read())) {
//Ignore parent- and self-links
if (($e==".")||($e=="..")) continue;
//If we're working recursively and it's a directory, grab and merge
if ($rec && is_dir($path."/".$e)) {
$ret=array_merge($ret,preg_ls($path."/".$e,$rec,$pat));
continue;
}
//If it don't match, exclude it
if (!preg_match($pat,$e)) continue;
//In all other cases, add it to the output array
$ret[]=$path."/".$e;
}
//finally, return the array
return $ret;
}
Not bad for a mere 18 lines, don't you think?
Example use:
foreach (preg_ls("/etc/X11", true, "/.*\.conf/i") as $file) echo $file."\n";
Output:
/etc/X11/xkb/README.config
/etc/X11/xorg.conf-vesa
/etc/X11/xorg.conf~
/etc/X11/gui.conf
/etc/X11/xorg.conf
/etc/X11/xorg.conf-fbdev
cf
The dir Class, from what I can tell, on a Windows box is not a live image of the directory. When the class is instantiated it takes a snapshot of the directory and then the iterator works off that.
I may be wrong, but when I run two processes that look to see if a directory exists, and then deletes the dir when some processing takes place. Deletes from one process do not effect the iteration of the second.
To get around this I check that the file exists before doing my processing:
$d = dir($dataDir);
while (false !== ($entry = $d->read()))
if ($entry != '..' && $entry != '.' && file_exists("$dataDir\\$entry"))
{
// do stuff
}
$d->close();
I run this as a batch process and can activate it multiple times to process the directory listing in parallel.
-CF
fordiman
Saw the leaf dirs bit... quick mod:
function preg_ls ($path=".", $rec=false, $pat="/.*/") {
$pat=preg_replace ("|(/.*/[^S]*)|s", "\\1S", $pat);
while (substr ($path,-1,1) =="/") $path=substr ($path,0,-1);
if (!is_dir ($path) ) $path=dirname ($path);
if ($rec!==true) $rec=false;
$d=dir ($path);
$ret=Array ();
while (false!== ($e=$d->read () ) ) {
if ( ($e==".") || ($e=="..") ) continue;
if ($rec && is_dir ($path."/".$e) ) {
$ret=array_merge ($ret,preg_ls($path."/".$e,$rec,$pat));
continue;
}
if (!preg_match ($pat,$e) ) continue;
$ret[]=$path."/".$e;
}
return (empty ($ret) && preg_match ($pat,basename($path))) ? Array ($path."/") : $ret;
}
example:
foreach (preg_ls ("/usr/share/fluxbox", true, "/[LT]e[sa]/i") as $file) echo $file."\n";
output:
/usr/share/fluxbox/styles/Leaf/
/usr/share/fluxbox/styles/Clean
/usr/share/fluxbox/styles/Testing/
22-feb-2006 09:02
Regarding samuel's comment about the dir() function not supporting Unicode properly, it's all in the encoding. The function does NOT internally change Unicode characters into question marks (?), as I was first led to believe. If you simply try to output them in UTF-8, they'll show up just right.
radar
Regarding jaqb's post about a correction to the read_dir function, I have one small fix too if people wish to also list the directories inside this directory and read them into the same array.
<?
function read_dir($dir) {
$array = array();
$d = dir($dir);
while (false !== ($entry = $d->read())) {
if($entry!='.' && $entry!='..') {
$entry = $dir.'/'.$entry;
if(is_dir($entry)) {
$array[] = $entry;
$array = array_merge($array, read_dir($entry));
} else {
$array[] = $entry;
}
}
}
$d->close();
return $array;
}
?>
samuel dot l
Note that the dir object will use the default encoding for non-unicode programs on Windows with PHP 5.x.
So, if you have a file named with characters unsupported by the current default encoding, the dir->read() method will return a wrong entry.
<?php
/*
** This script is on the same directory than a file named with
** unsupported characters for the current default encoding.
*/
$d = dir("./");
while(false !== ($e = $d->read()))
echo $e . '<br/>';
?>
This will print a "?" for every unsupported characters, and not the right file name. So take care if you check with is_file/is_dir right after enumerating.
alex
IMHO, thats take most effect with smaller number of errors;)
function get_leaf_dirs($dir)
{
$array = array();
$d = @dir($dir);
if($d)
{
while (false !== ($entry = $d->read()))
{
if($entry!='.' && $entry!='..')
{
$entry = $dir.'/'.$entry;
if(is_dir($entry))
{
$subdirs = get_leaf_dirs($entry);
if ($subdirs)
$array = array_merge($array, $subdirs);
else
$array[] = $entry;
}
}
}
$d->close();
}
return $array;
}
anton backer
i've modified the script below to get the leaf folders of any directory (folders with no subfolders).
note: this does not return the folder passed in as a parameter, even if it has no subfolders.
<?php
function get_leaf_dirs($dir) {
$array = array();
$d = dir($dir);
while (false !== ($entry = $d->read())) {
if($entry!='.' && $entry!='..') {
$entry = $dir.'/'.$entry;
if(is_dir($entry)) {
$subdirs = get_leaf_dirs($entry);
if ($subdirs)
$array = array_merge($array, $subdirs);
else
$array[] = $entry;
}
}
}
$d->close();
return $array;
}
?>
done_to_death
function directoryList($start,$win32=false){
if($win32){
$slash="\\";
}else{
$slash="/";
}
$basename = pathinfo($start);
$basename = $basename['basename'];
$ls=array();
$dir = dir($start);
while($item = $dir->read()){
if(is_dir($start.$slash.$item)&& $item!="." && $item!=".."){
$ls[$basename][]=directoryList($start.$slash.$item,$win32);
}else{
if($item!="."&&$item!=".."){
$ls[$basename][]=$item;
}
}
}
return $ls;
}
$path = pathinfo(__FILE__);
$ls = directoryList($path['dirname'], true);
http://www.rooftopsolutions.nl
<?php
$i = new RecursiveIteratorIterator(new RecursiveDirectoryIterator('.'));
?>
works for me..
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