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copy
Copies file
(PHP 4, PHP 5)
Example 620. copy() example<?php Related Examples ( Source code ) » copy Examples ( Source code ) » Rename() function for moving files Examples ( Source code ) » Use of the copy() function Examples ( Source code ) » HTML form with a file input tag Examples ( Source code ) » A File Upload Examples ( Source code ) » Image copy Examples ( Source code ) » Paint on a jpg image file Examples ( Source code ) » Water mark Effect Examples ( Source code ) » Add an PNG image to the image you generated Examples ( Source code ) » Watermarking made simple -Imagick Examples ( Source code ) » Animated Talking Captcha php class Examples ( Source code ) » Flash video example using very simple .flv Examples ( Source code ) » Png2swf Adding a png Image to a movie using ming Examples ( Source code ) » Jpg2swf Adding a jpg image to a movie using ming Examples ( Source code ) » Javascript alert from swf Examples ( Source code ) » Drawing curve in SWF whith PHP Code Examples / Notes » copymzheng
[Updated] A more efficient dircopy function that provides webfarm sync support. :) <?php /* Copies a dir to another. Optionally caching the dir/file structure, used to synchronize similar destination dir (web farm). * * @param $src_dir str Source directory to copy. * @param $dst_dir str Destination directory to copy to. * @param $verbose bool Show or hide file copied messages * @param $use_cached_dir_trees bool Set to true to cache src/dst dir/file structure. Used to sync to web farms * (avoids loading the same dir tree in web farms; making sync much faster). * @return Number of files copied/updated. * @example * To copy a dir: * dircopy("c:\max\pics", "d:\backups\max\pics"); * * To sync to web farms (webfarm 2 to 4 must have same dir/file structure (run once with cache off to make sure if necessary)): * dircopy("//webfarm1/wwwroot", "//webfarm2/wwwroot", false, true); * dircopy("//webfarm1/wwwroot", "//webfarm3/wwwroot", false, true); * dircopy("//webfarm1/wwwroot", "//webfarm4/wwwroot", false, true); */ function dircopy($src_dir, $dst_dir, $verbose = false, $use_cached_dir_trees = false) { static $cached_src_dir; static $src_tree; static $dst_tree; $num = 0; if (($slash = substr($src_dir, -1)) == "\\" || $slash == "/") $src_dir = substr($src_dir, 0, strlen($src_dir) - 1); if (($slash = substr($dst_dir, -1)) == "\\" || $slash == "/") $dst_dir = substr($dst_dir, 0, strlen($dst_dir) - 1); if (!$use_cached_dir_trees || !isset($src_tree) || $cached_src_dir != $src_dir) { $src_tree = get_dir_tree($src_dir); $cached_src_dir = $src_dir; $src_changed = true; } if (!$use_cached_dir_trees || !isset($dst_tree) || $src_changed) $dst_tree = get_dir_tree($dst_dir); if (!is_dir($dst_dir)) mkdir($dst_dir, 0777, true); foreach ($src_tree as $file => $src_mtime) { if (!isset($dst_tree[$file]) && $src_mtime === false) // dir mkdir("$dst_dir/$file"); elseif (!isset($dst_tree[$file]) && $src_mtime || isset($dst_tree[$file]) && $src_mtime > $dst_tree[$file]) // file { if (copy("$src_dir/$file", "$dst_dir/$file")) { if($verbose) echo "Copied '$src_dir/$file' to '$dst_dir/$file' \r\n"; touch("$dst_dir/$file", $src_mtime); $num++; } else echo "<font color='red'>File '$src_dir/$file' could not be copied!</font> \r\n"; } } return $num; } /* Creates a directory / file tree of a given root directory * * @param $dir str Directory or file without ending slash * @param $root bool Must be set to true on initial call to create new tree. * @return Directory & file in an associative array with file modified time as value. */ function get_dir_tree($dir, $root = true) { static $tree; static $base_dir_length; if ($root) { $tree = array(); $base_dir_length = strlen($dir) + 1; } if (is_file($dir)) { //if (substr($dir, -8) != "/CVS/Tag" && substr($dir, -9) != "/CVS/Root" && substr($dir, -12) != "/CVS/Entries") $tree[substr($dir, $base_dir_length)] = filemtime($dir); } elseif (is_dir($dir) && $di = dir($dir)) // add after is_dir condition to ignore CVS folders: && substr($dir, -4) != "/CVS" { if (!$root) $tree[substr($dir, $base_dir_length)] = false; while (($file = $di->read()) !== false) if ($file != "." && $file != "..") get_dir_tree("$dir/$file", false); $di->close(); } if ($root) return $tree; } ?> kadnan
you can also try xcopy command by using Shell to move/copy files/folders from one place to another here is the code: <?php exec('xcopy c:\\myfolder d:\\myfolder /e/i', $a, $a1); ?> by executing this command, it will move folder along with all contents to destination. -adnan denis
You can also try to copy with: <? exec("cp -r /var/www/mysite /var/backup"); ?> info
When using copy on win32 (don't know about anywhere else), copy sets the 'last modified time' of the the new copy to the current time instead of that of the source (win32 copy preserves last modified time). If you are tracking backups by last modified time, use: <?php copy($src, $dest); touch($dest, filemtime($src)); ?> belandi
To use the previous function on UNIX systems you should change these lines: $srcfile = $srcdir . '\\' . $file; $dstfile = $dstdir . '\\' . $file; To match the following: $srcfile = $srcdir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $file; $dstfile = $dstdir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $file; sboisvert
to the editor's: Please pardon me.... remove my other 2 messages and this little comment and just stick this. just a quick note to add to the great function by:bobbfwed at comcast dot net this little version has the path not in a define but as a function parameter and also creates the destination directory if it is not already created. <?php // copy a directory and all subdirectories and files (recursive) // void dircpy( str 'source directory', str 'destination directory' [, bool 'overwrite existing files'] ) function dircpy($basePath, $source, $dest, $overwrite = false){ if(!is_dir($basePath . $dest)) //Lets just make sure our new folder is already created. Alright so its not efficient to check each time... bite me mkdir($basePath . $dest); if($handle = opendir($basePath . $source)){ // if the folder exploration is sucsessful, continue while(false !== ($file = readdir($handle))){ // as long as storing the next file to $file is successful, continue if($file != '.' && $file != '..'){ $path = $source . '/' . $file; if(is_file($basePath . $path)){ if(!is_file($basePath . $dest . '/' . $file) || $overwrite) if(!@copy($basePath . $path, $basePath . $dest . '/' . $file)){ echo '<font color="red">File ('.$path.') could not be copied, likely a permissions problem.</font>'; } } elseif(is_dir($basePath . $path)){ if(!is_dir($basePath . $dest . '/' . $file)) mkdir($basePath . $dest . '/' . $file); // make subdirectory before subdirectory is copied dircpy($basePath, $path, $dest . '/' . $file, $overwrite); //recurse! } } } closedir($handle); } } ?> mspreij
This function creates a new filename to use for a copy of the given filename, its behaviour was mostly sto^Wborrowed from how the OS X Finder (*1) does it. Note it *doesn't* actually copy the file, it just returns the new name. I needed it to work regardless of data source (filesystem, ftp, etc). It also tries to match the current name as neatly as possible: foo.txt -> foo copy.txt -> foo copy 1.txt -> foo copy 2.txt [etc] foo.bar.baz.jpg -> foo.bar.baz copy.jpg foobar -> foobar copy -> foobar copy 1 [etc] ".txt" -> .txt copy, and "txt." -> txt. copy file.longextension -> file.longextension copy It keeps trying until it finds a name that is not yet taken in $list, or until it looped 500 times (change as needed). If the renamed file becomes longer than max filename length, it starts chopping away at the end of the part before where it adds " copy": reallylong...filename.txt -> reallylong...filena copy.txt <?php // $orig = current name, of course // $list = array of filenames in the target directory (if none given, it will still return a new name) // $max = max length of filename function duplicate_name($orig, $list = array(), $max = 64) { $ext = ''; $counter = 0; $list = (array) $list; $max = (int) $max; $newname = $orig; do { $name = $newname; # name in, newname out if (preg_match('/ copy$| copy \d+$/', $name, $matches)) { // don't even check for extension, name ends with " copy[ digits]" // preg hereunder matches anything with at least one period in the middle (that is, // non-period characters on either side), and an extension of 1-5 characters }elseif (preg_match('/(.+)\.([^.]{1,5})$/', $name, $parts)) { // split to name & extension list($name, $ext) = array($parts[1], $parts[2]); } if (preg_match('/ copy (\d+)$/', $name, $digits)) { $newname = substr($name, 0, - strlen($digits[1])) . ($digits[1] + 1); # $cutlen is only used for the bit at the end where it checks on max filename length $cutlen = 6 + strlen($digits[1]+1); // ' copy ' + digits }elseif(preg_match('/ copy$/', $name, $digits)) { $newname = $name . ' 1'; $cutlen = 7; // ' copy' + ' 1' }else{ $newname = $name . ' copy'; $cutlen = 5; // ' copy' } if ($ext) { $newname .= '.' . $ext; $cutlen += strlen($ext) + 1; } if ($max > 0) { if (strlen($newname) > $max) { $newname = substr($newname, 0, max($max - $cutlen, 0)) . substr($newname, -$cutlen); if (strlen($newname) > $max) {echo "duplicate_name() error: Can't keep the new name under given max length.\n"; return false;} } } if ($counter++ > 500) {echo "duplicate_name() error: Too many similarly named files or infinite while loop.\n"; return false;} } while (in_array($newname, $list)); return $newname; } ?> *1) The Finder seems to check the extension vs a list of known extensions, this function considers it valid if it's 5 or fewer characters long. ps. sorry for taking up so much space! :-) andrzej nadziejko andrzej
These functions are to copy and remove big directories: /* source files are in source directory */ function SetupFolder($dir_name) { mkdir($dir_name,'0777'); $folder = opendir('source'); while($file = readdir($folder)) { if ($file == '.' || $file == '..') { continue; } if(is_dir('source/'.$file)) { mkdir($dir_name.'/'.$file,0777); CopyFiles('source/'.$file,$dir_name.'/'.$file); } else { copy('source/'.$file,$dir_name.'/'.$file); } } closedir($folder); return 1; } //copy many files function CopyFiles($source,$dest) { $folder = opendir($source); while($file = readdir($folder)) { if ($file == '.' || $file == '..') { continue; } if(is_dir($source.'/'.$file)) { mkdir($dest.'/'.$file,0777); CopySourceFiles($source.'/'.$file,$dest.'/'.$file); } else { copy($source.'/'.$file,$dest.'/'.$file); } } closedir($folder); return 1; } //remove file, directories, subdirectories function RemoveFiles($source) { $folder = opendir($source); while($file = readdir($folder)) { if ($file == '.' || $file == '..') { continue; } if(is_dir($source.'/'.$file)) { RemoveFiles($source.'/'.$file); } else { unlink($source.'/'.$file); } } closedir($folder); rmdir($source); return 1; } fred dot haab
Just some caveats for people to consider when working with this copy function. Like everyone else, I needed a recursive copy function, so I wrote one. It worked great until I hit a file greater than 2GB, at which point I got a File Size Exceeded error. I've read that you can recompile PHP with larger file support, but I'm not able to do this on my system. So I used exec to copy one file at a time (I need to do other things to the file, so can't just do an exec with "cp -r"). Then I ran into problems with spaces in the names. The escapeshellcmd and escapeshellargs functions don't seem to cleanup spaces, so I wrote my own function to do that. cooper
It take me a long time to find out what the problem is when i've got an error on copy(). It DOESN'T create any directories. It only copies to existing path. So create directories before. Hope i'll help,
jtaylor -at- ashevillenc -dot- com
It seems as though you can only use move_uploaded_file() once on a temporary file that has been uploaded through a form. Most likely the action this function takes destroys the temporary file after it has been moved, assuming permanent placement on a file system. Attempting to use the function again in the same PHP script will return false and not move the file. I ran into this when an image that was uploaded did not need resizing (smaller than a size threshold) and after moving the temporary upload to the "originals" directory, an attempt was made to again move the temporary file to another folder. This behavior is understandable, but be careful - in this instance, I simply used copy() on the file that was already uploaded. aidan
If you want to copy a file, or an entire folder (including the contents), use the below function. http://aidanlister.com/repos/v/function.copyr.php bobbfwed
I have programmed a really nice program that remotely lets you manage files as if you have direct access to them (http://sourceforge.net/projects/filemanage/). I have a bunch of really handy functions to do just about anything to files or directories. I know there are others like it, but here is the function I made for this program to copy directories; it will likely need tweaking to work as a standalone script, since it relies of variables set by my program (eg: loc1 -- which dynamically changes in my program): <?PHP // loc1 is the path on the computer to the base directory that may be moved define('loc1', 'C:/Program Files/Apache Group/Apache/htdocs', true); // copy a directory and all subdirectories and files (recursive) // void dircpy( str 'source directory', str 'destination directory' [, bool 'overwrite existing files'] ) function dircpy($source, $dest, $overwrite = false){ if($handle = opendir(loc1 . $source)){ // if the folder exploration is sucsessful, continue while(false !== ($file = readdir($handle))){ // as long as storing the next file to $file is successful, continue if($file != '.' && $file != '..'){ $path = $source . '/' . $file; if(is_file(loc1 . $path)){ if(!is_file(loc1 . $dest . '/' . $file) || $overwrite) if(!@copy(loc1 . $path, loc1 . $dest . '/' . $file)){ echo '<font color="red">File ('.$path.') could not be copied, likely a permissions problem.</font>'; } } elseif(is_dir(loc1 . $path)){ if(!is_dir(loc1 . $dest . '/' . $file)) mkdir(loc1 . $dest . '/' . $file); // make subdirectory before subdirectory is copied dircpy($path, $dest . '/' . $file, $overwrite); //recurse! } } } closedir($handle); } } // end of dircpy() ?> This new function will be in 0.9.7 (the current release of File Manage) which has just been released 2/2/06. Hope this helps some people. emielm
I have been puzzling for hours with the copy() function. I got a "no such file or directory" error message all the time (for the source file). In the end my mistake was that there were some spaces at the end of de source filename... So, if you get file not found errors and you are sure that the file does exists, use the trim() function to get rid of the spaces. 20-jan-2005 12:34
Heres a quick function I wrote to backup whole websites. I haven't actually tested it out yet. I will later on =P <? function backup($extension) { $counter = 0; foreach(glob(* . $extension) as $file) { if ($extension{0} != .) { $extension = . . $extension; } $file2 = ./backup/ . $file; $counter++; copy($file, $file2); } if ($counter == 0) { return false; } else { return true; } } /* Test -- Copy all images */ $extension_array = array(.jpg, .gif, .png, .bmp); foreach($extension_array as $key => $value) { backup($extension); } ?> swizec
Here's another recursive copy function. Unlike the others this one relies on the built-in dir class and is thus much cleaner and simpler. <?php function full_copy( $source, $target ) { if ( is_dir( $source ) ) { @mkdir( $target ); $d = dir( $source ); while ( FALSE !== ( $entry = $d->read() ) ) { if ( $entry == '.' || $entry == '..' ) { continue; } $Entry = $source . '/' . $entry; if ( is_dir( $Entry ) ) { full_copy( $Entry, $target . '/' . $entry ); continue; } copy( $Entry, $target . '/' . $entry ); } $d->close(); }else { copy( $source, $target ); } } ?> flo somekindofitem.com
here is a a function to move a file clean and safe: function file_move ($quelle, $ziel) { // kopiert datei und loescht sie danach $fertigverschoben = 4; if (file_exists($quelle)) { $fertigverschoben--; if (!file_exists($ziel)) { $fertigverschoben--; if (copy ($quelle, $ziel)) { $fertigverschoben--; if (unlink ($quelle)) $fertigverschoben--; else unlink ($ziel); } } } return $fertigverschoben; // gibt errorcode zurueck, // 0 = alles okay, // 1 = konnte quelle nicht loeschen, // 2 = konnte ziel nicht erstellen (copy), // 3 = ziel existiert bereits, // 4 = quelle nicht gefunden }// ende file_move mspreij
hello editor, could you please fix my previous post.. # preg hereunder matches anything with at least one period in the middle (that is, # non-period characters on either side), and an extension of 1-5 characters changes to # preg hereunder matches anything with at least one period in the middle and an extension of 1-5 characters Sorry! simonr_at_orangutan_dot_co_dot_uk
Having spent hours tacking down a copy() error: Permission denied , (and duly worrying about chmod on winXP) , its worth pointing out that the 'destination' needs to contain the actual file name ! --- NOT just the path to the folder you wish to copy into....... DOH ! hope this saves somebody hours of fruitless debugging matthew j
A useful use for copy is when uploading files. getUpload( [The name given to the file element in the form], [the location to copy the upload to], [an alternative name], [what you want the file chmod'd to] ) returns true or false. <?php function getUpload($name,$location,$fname='',$chmod=''){ $upload=$_FILES[$name]; if($fname==''){$fname=$upload['name'];} if($chmod==''){$chmod="0777";} $c=@copy($upload['tmp_name'],$location.$fname); $m=@chmod($location.$fname,$chmod); if(!$c||!$m){return(true);}else{return(false);} } ?> max zheng
A more efficient dircopy function that provides webfarm sync support. :) <?php /* Copies a dir to another. Optionally caching the dir/file structure, used to synchronize similar destination dir (web farm). * * @param $src_dir str Source directory to copy (without ending slash). * @param $dst_dir str Destination directory to copy to (without ending slash). * @param $verbose bool Show or hide file copied messages * @param $use_cached_dir_trees bool Set to true to cache src/dst dir/file structure. Used to sync to web farms * (avoids loading the same dir tree in web farms; making sync much faster). * @return Number of files copied/updated. * @example * To copy a dir: * dircopy("c:\max\pics", "d:\backups\max\pics"); * * To sync to web farms (webfarm 2 to 4 must have same dir/file structure (run once with cache off to make sure if necessary)): * dircopy("//webfarm1/wwwroot", "//webfarm2/wwwroot", false, true); * dircopy("//webfarm1/wwwroot", "//webfarm3/wwwroot", false, true); * dircopy("//webfarm1/wwwroot", "//webfarm4/wwwroot", false, true); */ function dircopy($src_dir, $dst_dir, $verbose = false, $use_cached_dir_trees = false) { $num = 0; static $cached_src_dir; static $src_tree; static $dst_tree; if (!$use_cached_dir_trees || !isset($src_tree) || $cached_src_dir != $src_dir) { $src_tree = get_dir_tree($src_dir); $cached_src_dir = $src_dir; } if (!$use_cached_dir_trees || !isset($dst_tree)) { $dst_tree = get_dir_tree($dst_dir); if (!is_dir($dst_dir)) mkdir($dst_dir, 0777, true); } foreach ($src_tree as $file => $src_mtime) { if (!isset($dst_tree[$file]) && $src_mtime === false) // dir mkdir("$dst_dir/$file"); elseif (!isset($dst_tree[$file]) && $src_mtime || isset($dst_tree[$file]) && $src_mtime > $dst_tree[$file]) // file { if (copy("$src_dir/$file", "$dst_dir/$file")) { if($verbose) echo "Copied '$src_dir/$file' to '$dst_dir/$file' \r\n"; touch("$dst_dir/$file", $src_mtime); $num++; } else echo "<font color='red'>File '$src_dir/$file' could not be copied!</font> \r\n"; } } return $num; } /* Creates a directory / file tree of a given root directory * * @param $dir str Directory or file without ending slash * @param $root bool Must be set to true on initial call to create new tree. * @return Directory & file in an associative array with file modified time as value. */ function get_dir_tree($dir, $root = true) { static $tree; static $base_dir_length; if ($root) { $tree = array(); $base_dir_length = strlen($dir) + 1; } if (is_file($dir)) { //if (substr($dir, -8) != "/CVS/Tag" && substr($dir, -9) != "/CVS/Root" && substr($dir, -12) != "/CVS/Entries") $tree[substr($dir, $base_dir_length)] = filemtime($dir); } elseif (is_dir($dir) && $di = dir($dir)) // add after is_dir condition to ignore CVS folders: && substr($dir, -4) != "/CVS" { if (!$root) $tree[substr($dir, $base_dir_length)] = false; while (($file = $di->read()) !== false) if ($file != "." && $file != "..") get_dir_tree("$dir/$file", false); $di->close(); } if ($root) return $tree; } ?> makarenkoa
A function that copies contents of source directory to destination directory and sets up file modes. It may be handy to install the whole site on hosting. <?php // copydirr.inc.php /* 26.07.2005 Author: Anton Makarenko makarenkoa at ukrpost dot net webmaster at eufimb dot edu dot ua */ function copydirr($fromDir,$toDir,$chmod=0757,$verbose=false) /* copies everything from directory $fromDir to directory $toDir and sets up files mode $chmod */ { //* Check for some errors $errors=array(); $messages=array(); if (!is_writable($toDir)) $errors[]='target '.$toDir.' is not writable'; if (!is_dir($toDir)) $errors[]='target '.$toDir.' is not a directory'; if (!is_dir($fromDir)) $errors[]='source '.$fromDir.' is not a directory'; if (!empty($errors)) { if ($verbose) foreach($errors as $err) echo '<strong>Error</strong>: '.$err.'<br />'; return false; } //*/ $exceptions=array('.','..'); //* Processing $handle=opendir($fromDir); while (false!==($item=readdir($handle))) if (!in_array($item,$exceptions)) { //* cleanup for trailing slashes in directories destinations $from=str_replace('//','/',$fromDir.'/'.$item); $to=str_replace('//','/',$toDir.'/'.$item); //*/ if (is_file($from)) { if (@copy($from,$to)) { chmod($to,$chmod); touch($to,filemtime($from)); // to track last modified time $messages[]='File copied from '.$from.' to '.$to; } else $errors[]='cannot copy file from '.$from.' to '.$to; } if (is_dir($from)) { if (@mkdir($to)) { chmod($to,$chmod); $messages[]='Directory created: '.$to; } else $errors[]='cannot create directory '.$to; copydirr($from,$to,$chmod,$verbose); } } closedir($handle); //*/ //* Output if ($verbose) { foreach($errors as $err) echo '<strong>Error</strong>: '.$err.'<br />'; foreach($messages as $msg) echo $msg.'<br />'; } //*/ return true; } /* sample usage: WARNING: if You set wrong $chmod then You'll not be able to access files and directories in destination directory. For example: once upon a time I've called the function with parameters: copydir($fromDir,$toDir,true); What happened? I've forgotten one parameter (chmod) What happened next? Those files and directories became inaccessible for me (they had mode 0001), so I had to ask sysadmin to delete them from root account Be careful :-) <?php require('./copydirr.inc.php'); copydirr('./testSRC','D:/srv/Apache2/htdocs/testDEST',0777,true); ?> */ ?> skyeye
<?php // A function to copy files from one directory to another one, including subdirectories and // nonexisting or newer files. Function returns number of files copied. // This function is PHP implementation of Windows xcopy A:\dir1\* B:\dir2 /D /E /F /H /R /Y // Syntaxis: [$number =] dircopy($sourcedirectory, $destinationdirectory [, $verbose]); // Example: $num = dircopy('A:\dir1', 'B:\dir2', 1); function dircopy($srcdir, $dstdir, $verbose = false) { $num = 0; if(!is_dir($dstdir)) mkdir($dstdir); if($curdir = opendir($srcdir)) { while($file = readdir($curdir)) { if($file != '.' && $file != '..') { $srcfile = $srcdir . '\\' . $file; $dstfile = $dstdir . '\\' . $file; if(is_file($srcfile)) { if(is_file($dstfile)) $ow = filemtime($srcfile) - filemtime($dstfile); else $ow = 1; if($ow > 0) { if($verbose) echo "Copying '$srcfile' to '$dstfile'..."; if(copy($srcfile, $dstfile)) { touch($dstfile, filemtime($srcfile)); $num++; if($verbose) echo "OK\n"; } else echo "Error: File '$srcfile' could not be copied!\n"; } } else if(is_dir($srcfile)) { $num += dircopy($srcfile, $dstfile, $verbose); } } } closedir($curdir); } return $num; } ?> |
Change Languagebasename chgrp chmod chown clearstatcache copy delete dirname disk_free_space disk_total_space diskfreespace fclose feof fflush fgetc fgetcsv fgets fgetss file_exists file_get_contents file_put_contents file fileatime filectime filegroup fileinode filemtime fileowner fileperms filesize filetype flock fnmatch fopen fpassthru fputcsv fputs fread fscanf fseek fstat ftell ftruncate fwrite glob is_dir is_executable is_file is_link is_readable is_uploaded_file is_writable is_writeable lchgrp lchown link linkinfo lstat mkdir move_uploaded_file parse_ini_file pathinfo pclose popen readfile readlink realpath rename rewind rmdir set_file_buffer stat symlink tempnam tmpfile touch umask unlink |