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Set the internal pointer of an array to its last element
(PHP 4, PHP 5)
Example 304. A simple end() example<?phpRelated Examples ( Source code ) » end Examples ( Source code ) » React to Form action Examples ( Source code ) » Creating an HTML Form That Accepts Mail-Related Information Examples ( Source code ) » Send email with CC and BCC Examples ( Source code ) » Build query string based on form input Examples ( Source code ) » Responding to Checkboxes Examples ( Source code ) » Form select input Examples ( Source code ) » An HTML Form Including a SELECT Element Examples ( Source code ) » A Simple HTML Form Examples ( Source code ) » Form value validation Examples ( Source code ) » Form Data Validation With Error Count Examples ( Source code ) » Saving State with a Hidden Field Examples ( Source code ) » Call MySelf PHP Examples ( Source code ) » A PHP Number Guessing Script Examples ( Source code ) » Get Text Field value Examples ( Source code ) » Form Numeric value Code Examples / Notes » end29-aug-2002 02:17
When adding an element to an array, it may be interesting to know with which key it was added. Just adding an element does not change the current position in the array, so calling key() won't return the correct key value; you must first position at end() of the array: function array_add(&$array, $value) { $array[] = $value; // add an element end($array); // important! return key($array); } jasper
This function returns the value at the end of the array, but you may sometimes be interested in the key at the end of the array, particularly when working with non integer indexed arrays: <?php // Returns the key at the end of the array function endKey($array){ end($array); return key($array); } ?> Usage example: <?php $a = array("one" => "apple", "two" => "orange", "three" => "pear"); echo endKey($a); // will output "three" ?> sven arduwie
RE: mika dot stenberg at helsinki dot fi Your function array_set_current is flawed: function array_set_current(&$array, $key){ reset($array); while(current($array)){ if(key($array) == $key){ break; } next($array); } } Notice that current() cannot distinguish the end of an array from a boolean FALSE element value. For example, try this: $array = array(false, 'This', 'is', 'a', 'test'); array_set_current($array, 3); var_dump(current($array)); This will work: function array_set_current(&$array, $key) { reset($array); foreach ($array as $value) { if (key($array) === $key) { break; } } } Also, I prefer key($array) === $key over key($array) == $key. egingell
Posted by johnny at west dot net 03-Nov-2006 06:45 >> An easier way to get the last key: >> $lastkey = end(array_keys($arr)); As stated in a previous note, this may not function as expected (or at all) as end() takes the parameter by reference and you cannot pass a function call by reference. ken
Please note that from version 5.0.4 ==> 5.0.5 that this function now takes an array. This will possibly break some code for instance: <?php echo ">> ".end(array_keys(array('x' => 'y')))."\n"; ?> which will return "Fatal error: Only variables can be passed by reference" in version <= 5.0.4 but not in 5.0.5. If you run into this problem with nested function calls, then an easy workaround is to assign the result from array_keys (or whatever function) to an intermediary variable: <?php $x = array_keys(array('x' => 'y')); echo ">> ".end($x)."\n"; ?> user
It may be obvious, but if the array is empty, end() returns bool(false).
flavio ventura
In some previous post you can use current($array) instead of $array[key($array)] I think it's more self-explaining. 29-aug-2002 02:34
If you need to get a reference on the first or last element of an array, use these functions because reset() and end() only return you a copy that you cannot dereference directly: function first(&$array) { if (!is_array($array)) return &$array; if (!count($array)) return null; reset($array); return &$array[key($array)]; } function last(&$array) { if (!is_array($array)) return &$array; if (!count($array)) return null; end($array); return &$array[key($array)]; } mika dot stenberg
Here's something useful with arrays that I did: change an items position up or down in array. Thanks to previous posters for some useful functions (included): // $mode -1 (negat) moves the item down, +1 (pos) moves the item up // I used this because i parsed the mode from the query string // You get the picture though // $from_id points which item to move function change_pos($array, $from_id, $mode){ // get hold of the beginning and the end $start = first($array); $end = last($array); reset($array); // find the position in an array array_set_current($array, $from_id); // remember the old value $temp = $archive[ $from_id ]; // move down if ($uusi_id < 0){ if (key($array) != $end) { $array[ $from_id ] = next($array); $array[key($aray)] = $temp; } else echo "Couldnt move it!"; } // move up else if ( key($array) != $start ) { $array[ $from_id ] = prev($array); $array[key($array)] = $temp; save($array); } else echo "Couldnt do it !"; } function array_set_current(&$array, $key){ reset($array); while(current($array)){ if(key($array) == $key){ break; } next($array); } } function first(&$array) { if (!is_array($array)) return null; if (!count($array)) return null; reset($array); return key($array); } function last(&$array) { if (!is_array($array)) return null; if (!count($array)) return null; end($array); return key($array); } 12-may-2005 09:21
Fix for unknown writer of 29-aug-2002. If you need to get a reference to the first or last element of an array, use these functions: function &first(&$array) { if (!is_array($array)) return null; if (!count($array)) return false; // like reset() reset($array); return $array[key($array)]; } function &last(&$array) { if (!is_array($array)) return null; if (!count($array)) return false; // like end() end($array); return $array[key($array)]; } Example (watch out - use as &last() and &first()): $a = array( 0 => 'less', 10 => 'ten', 20 => ' more'); if ($first = & first($a)) // not false or null $first = 'nothing'; if ($last = & last($a)) // not false or null $last = 'double'; Now $a is array( 0 => 'nothing', 10 => 'ten', 20 => ' double') johnny
An easier way to get the last key: $lastkey = end(array_keys($arr)); |
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array_change_key_case array_chunk array_combine array_count_values array_diff_assoc array_diff_key array_diff_uassoc array_diff_ukey array_diff array_fill_keys array_fill array_filter array_flip array_intersect_assoc array_intersect_key array_intersect_uassoc array_intersect_ukey array_intersect array_key_exists array_keys array_map array_merge_recursive array_merge array_multisort array_pad array_pop array_product array_push array_rand array_reduce array_reverse array_search array_shift array_slice array_splice array_sum array_udiff_assoc array_udiff_uassoc array_udiff array_uintersect_assoc array_uintersect_uassoc array_uintersect array_unique array_unshift array_values array_walk_recursive array_walk array arsort asort compact count current each end extract in_array key krsort ksort list natcasesort natsort next pos prev range reset rsort shuffle sizeof sort uasort uksort usort |
