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PHP : Function Reference : XML Parser Functions : xml_parse_into_struct

xml_parse_into_struct

Parse XML data into an array structure (PHP 4, PHP 5)
int xml_parse_into_struct ( resource parser, string data, array &values [, array &index] )

Example 2643. xml_parse_into_struct() example

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<?php
$simple = "<para><note>simple note</note></para>";
$p = xml_parser_create();
xml_parse_into_struct($p, $simple, $vals, $index);
xml_parser_free($p);
echo "Index array\n";
print_r($index);
echo "\nVals array\n";
print_r($vals);
?>

When we run that code, the output will be:

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Index array
Array
(
   [PARA] => Array
       (
           [0] => 0
           [1] => 2
       )

   [NOTE] => Array
       (
           [0] => 1
       )

)

Vals array
Array
(
   [0] => Array
       (
           [tag] => PARA
           [type] => open
           [level] => 1
       )

   [1] => Array
       (
           [tag] => NOTE
           [type] => complete
           [level] => 2
           [value] => simple note
       )

   [2] => Array
       (
           [tag] => PARA
           [type] => close
           [level] => 1
       )

)

Example 2644. moldb.xml - small database of molecular information

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<?xml version="1.0"?>
<moldb>

 <molecule>
     <name>Alanine</name>
     <symbol>ala</symbol>
     <code>A</code>
     <type>hydrophobic</type>
 </molecule>

 <molecule>
     <name>Lysine</name>
     <symbol>lys</symbol>
     <code>K</code>
     <type>charged</type>
 </molecule>

</moldb>

Example 2645.  parsemoldb.php - parses moldb.xml into an array of molecular objects

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<?php

class AminoAcid {
   var $name;  // aa name
   var $symbol;    // three letter symbol
   var $code;  // one letter code
   var $type;  // hydrophobic, charged or neutral
   
   function AminoAcid ($aa)
   {
       foreach ($aa as $k=>$v)
           $this->$k = $aa[$k];
   }
}

function readDatabase($filename)
{
   // read the XML database of aminoacids
   $data = implode("", file($filename));
   $parser = xml_parser_create();
   xml_parser_set_option($parser, XML_OPTION_CASE_FOLDING, 0);
   xml_parser_set_option($parser, XML_OPTION_SKIP_WHITE, 1);
   xml_parse_into_struct($parser, $data, $values, $tags);
   xml_parser_free($parser);

   // loop through the structures
   foreach ($tags as $key=>$val) {
       if ($key == "molecule") {
           $molranges = $val;
           // each contiguous pair of array entries are the
           // lower and upper range for each molecule definition
           for ($i=0; $i < count($molranges); $i+=2) {
               $offset = $molranges[$i] + 1;
               $len = $molranges[$i + 1] - $offset;
               $tdb[] = parseMol(array_slice($values, $offset, $len));
           }
       } else {
           continue;
       }
   }
   return $tdb;
}

function parseMol($mvalues)
{
   for ($i=0; $i < count($mvalues); $i++) {
       $mol[$mvalues[$i]["tag"]] = $mvalues[$i]["value"];
   }
   return new AminoAcid($mol);
}

$db = readDatabase("moldb.xml");
echo "** Database of AminoAcid objects:\n";
print_r($db);

?>

Code Examples / Notes » xml_parse_into_struct

eric
Yet another XML -> nested array converter.
This is based on http://www.devdump.com/phpxml.php, but adds features while reducing code complexity.
It can take several forms of input:
- string (buffer)
- file handle (pipe)
- file name -or-
- URL
It can optionally collapse arrays of same-named tags to a single element if there is only one tag with a given name.
It can optionally preserve tag order for XML applications where position is significant, such as CallXML.
XMLParser.obj at:
http://eric.pollmann.net/work/public_domain/
Corrections and suggestions enthusiastically welcomed.  :)

gleber
XMLtoArray created by dudus at onet dot pl was not good enough for me, that's why i decided to create my own version, and here's the result:
<?php
function &last(&$array) {
if (!count($array)) return null;
end($array);
return $array[key($array)];
}
function myParseXML(&$vals, &$dom, &$lev) {
do {
$curr = current($vals);
$lev = $curr['level'];
switch ($curr['type']) {
case 'open':
if (isset($dom[$curr['tag']])) {
$tmp = $dom[$curr['tag']];
if (!$tmp['__multi'])
$dom[$curr['tag']] = array('__multi' => true, $tmp);
array_push($dom[$curr['tag']], array());
$new =& last($dom[$curr['tag']]);
} else {
$dom[$curr['tag']] = array();
$new =& $dom[$curr['tag']];
}
next($vals);
myParseXML(&$vals, $new, $lev);
break;
case 'cdata':
break;
case 'complete':
if (!isset($dom[$curr['tag']]))
$dom[$curr['tag']] = $curr['value'];
else {
if (is_array($dom[$curr['tag']]))
array_push($dom[$curr['tag']] , $curr['value']);
else
array_push($dom[$curr['tag']] = array($dom[$curr['tag']]) , $curr['value']);
}
break;
case 'close':
return;
}
}
while (next($vals)!==FALSE);
}
function MyXMLtoArray($XML) {
  $xml_parser = xml_parser_create();
  xml_parse_into_struct($xml_parser, $XML, $vals);
  xml_parser_free($xml_parser);
  reset($vals);
  $dom = array(); $lev = 0;
  myParseXML($vals, $dom, $lev);
  return $dom;
}
?>
MyXMLtoArray() is that function you should call, other are for "internal" use.
P.S. It's 4-5 time faster then dudus at onet dot pl 's code

a3
XML -> Array
<?
   $data = '<root><a><b x="s" a="2">asdf</b><c></c></a></root>';
   
   $p = xml_parser_create();
   xml_parse_into_struct($p, $data, $vals);
   xml_parser_free($p);
   
   $key = $output = array();
  foreach ($vals as $id=>$item) {
     if ($item["type"]=="open" || $item["level"]>count($key)) {// && count($key)<=$item["level"])
         array_push($key, $id);
         $temp = array("tag"=>$item["tag"], "value"=>"", "attributes"=>array());
         eval("\$output[".implode("][", $key)."] = \$temp;");
     }
     if ($item["type"]=="close" || $item["level"]<count($key))// && $item["level"]>=count($key))
         array_pop($key);
     if (isset($item["attributes"]))
         eval("\$output[".implode("][", $key)."]['attributes'] = array_merge(\$output[".implode("][", $key)."]['attributes'], \$item['attributes']);");
     if (isset($item["value"]))
         eval("\$output[".implode("][", $key)."]['value'] .= \$item['value'];");
  }
?>

farinspace-at-hotmail-dot-com
Wow, took a while to consume all of this. I am a noobie at XML, in fact i just really started working with it today. I went ahead and added to the above code by gdemartini@bol.com.br. I also added the update by nyk@cowham.net.
Added 'value' => $vals[$i]['value'] to the open case, as some nodes have both cdata as well as a children node. In previous versions of the functions the cdata of a node(a) that also had children would get stored in the children's array of the parent node(a). Now only children values are in the children array and the cdata is in the value key of the parent node(a).
Added 'value' => $vals[$i]['value'] to tree array as the vals array produced by PHP includes a value to the top most node if no children exist (for completeness).
Also, using xml_parser_set_option($parser, XML_OPTION_SKIP_WHITE,1) will strip all white space from both around the XML tags as well as inside the cdata. I added a piece of code by waldo@wh-e.com to take care of this. All SPACE characters are now only stripped from around the XML tags and cdata spacing is retained.
CODE:
***************************************
function GetChildren($vals, &$i) {
$children = array();
while (++$i < sizeof($vals)) {
// compair type
switch ($vals[$i]['type']) {
case 'cdata':
$children[] = $vals[$i]['value'];
break;
case 'complete':
$children[] = array(
'tag' => $vals[$i]['tag'],
'attributes' => $vals[$i]['attributes'],
'value' => $vals[$i]['value']
);
break;
case 'open':
$children[] = array(
'tag' => $vals[$i]['tag'],
'attributes' => $vals[$i]['attributes'],
'value' => $vals[$i]['value'],
'children' => GetChildren($vals, $i)
);
break;
case 'close':
return $children;
}
}
}
function GetXMLTree($file) {
$data = implode('', file($file));
// by: waldo@wh-e.com - trim space around tags not within
$data = eregi_replace(">"."[[:space:]]+"."<","><",$data);
// XML functions
$p = xml_parser_create();
// by: anony@mous.com - meets XML 1.0 specification
xml_parser_set_option($p, XML_OPTION_CASE_FOLDING, 0);
xml_parse_into_struct($p, $data, &$vals, &$index);
xml_parser_free($p);
$i = 0;
$tree = array();
$tree[] = array(
'tag' => $vals[$i]['tag'],
'attributes' => $vals[$i]['attributes'],
'value' => $vals[$i]['value'],
'children' => GetChildren($vals, $i)
);
return $tree;
}
***************************************

vampboy
WHUPS! that was a broken test version.here is the real one:
class xml2array{
/* This class parses XML tags into a recursive, associative array with the tags as the associative array elements names.
if it encounters multiples of the same tag within a stream, it enumerates them as a sub array under the tag thus:
Array (
   [Lvl1tag] => Array (
       [0] => Array(
           [Lvl2tag] = "foo")
       [1]=> Array(
           [Lvl2tag] = "bar")
   )
)
It tries to detect when there is only one copy of a tag under another, and concatinate properly.
*/
   function readxmlfile($xmlfile){ // reads XML file in and returns it
     $xmlstream =fopen($xmlfile,r);
     $xmlraw=fread($xmlstream,1000000);
     fclose($xmlstream);
     return $xmlraw;
   }
   function parseXMLintoarray ($xmldata){ // starts the process and returns the final array
     $xmlparser = xml_parser_create();
     xml_parse_into_struct($xmlparser, $xmldata, $arraydat);
     xml_parser_free($xmlparser);
     $semicomplete = $this->subdivide($arraydat);
     $complete = $this->correctentries($semicomplete);
     return $complete;
   }
   
   function subdivide ($dataarray, $level = 1){
     foreach ($dataarray as $key => $dat){
       if ($dat[level] === $level && $dat[type] === "open"){
         $toplvltag = $dat[tag];
       } elseif ($dat[level] === $level && $dat[type] === "close" && $dat[tag]=== $toplvltag){
         $newarray[$toplvltag][] = $this->subdivide($temparray,($level +1));
       
       
         unset($temparray,$nextlvl);
       } elseif ($dat[level] === $level && $dat[type] === "complete"){
         $newarray[$dat[tag]]=$dat[value];
       } elseif ($dat[type] === "complete"||$dat[type] === "close"||$dat[type] === "open"){
         $temparray[]=$dat;
       }
     }
     return $newarray;
   }
function correctentries($dataarray){
if (is_array($dataarray)){
 $keys =  array_keys($dataarray);
 if (count($keys)== 1 && is_int($keys[0])){
   $tmp = $dataarray[0];
   unset($dataarray[0]);
      $dataarray = $tmp;
 }
 $keys2 = array_keys($dataarray);
 foreach($keys2 as $key){
   $tmp2 = $dataarray[$key];
   unset($dataarray[$key]);
   $dataarray[$key] = $this->correctentries($tmp2);
   unset($tmp2);
 }
 }
return $dataarray;
}
}

masuod_a
wanna load object from xml file? this function take a tree returned by xml_get_tree() [dave@ovumdesign.com's version] and return an object.
it can't work with attributes, i hate attributes (except id), but may be useful for you.
- how to use :
------------------------- xml file -------------
<config>
  <images>
     <image id="1">
       <name>my pet</name>
       <file>pet001.jpg</file>
     </image>
     <image id="2">
       <name>harry's pet</name>
       <file>pet003.jpg</file>
     </image>
  </images>
  <library>lib_functions.php</library>
</config>
----------------------------------------------
$config=xml_to_object($xml_tree);
$config->library;    #return "lib_functions.php"
$config->images->image__1->name; #return "my pet"
----------------------------------------------
function xml_to_object($xml_tree,$root=false){
            $object_name=$xml_tree['tag'];
            foreach ($xml_tree['children'] as $children){
                         $child_id=$children['attributes']['id'];
                         $child_name=$children['tag'];
                         $child_name.=($child_id) ? "__".$child_id:'';
                         if (is_array($children['children'])) {
                                     $child_object=xml_to_object($children);
                                     $temp_object->$child_name=$child_object;
                         } else {
                                   $temp_object->$child_name=$children['value'];
                        }
            }
            if (!$root)
                         $xml_object=$temp_object;
            else       $xml_object->$object_name=$temp_object;
            return $xml_object;
}
also you can use this function for loading array from xml , but i suggest you to use kris@h3x.com's functions[ http://www.devdump.com/phpxml.php ].
function xml_to_array($xml_tree,$root=false){
  $array_name=$xml_tree['tag'];
  foreach ($xml_tree['children'] as $children){
      $child_id=$children['attributes']['id'];
      $child_name=$children['tag'];
      $child_name.=($child_id) ? "__".$child_id:'';
      if (is_array($children['children'])) {
           $child_array=xml_to_array($children);
           $temp_array[$child_name]=$child_array;
      } else {
           $temp_array[$child_name]=$children['value'];
      }
  }

  if (!$root)
     $xml_array=$temp_array;
  else
     $xml_array[$array_name]=$temp_array;

   return $xml_array;
}

joeldegan
Using one of the nice function above, I was able to get these two great structures below on nmap info for a machine and then the PID lists for each open port.. Very handy for my current project.
$test = `nmap -sU -sS localhost -oX -`;
$ret = xml2array($test);
$z=0;
while (list($key,$val)=each($ret["host"][0][3]["children"])){
if ($val["tag"] == "PORT"){
$new[$z]["PROTOCOL"] = $val["attributes"]["PROTOCOL"];
$new[$z]["PORT"] = $val["attributes"]["PORTID"];

//echo $val["attributes"]["PROTOCOL"]."\n";
//echo $val["attributes"]["PORTID"]."\n";
$z++;
}//fi
}//wend
print_r($new);
function port_pids($portnum){
$ret = `lsof -i :$portnum -F pc`;
$ret = explode("\n", $ret);
$z=0;
for($a=0;$a<count($ret);$a++){
$port = $ret[$a];
$a++;
$com = $ret[$a];
$new[$z]["PID"]=substr($port, 1);
$new[$z]["COMMAND"]=substr($com, 1);
$z++;
}//wend
return $new;
}//end function
print_r(port_pids("3306"));

tsivert
To John.
The reason that you only get the last item is that you declare a array of one element that is constantly overwritten by the last element...
I don't know if you want to put the items as two different childarrays of the parent or if you want to put the items in one childarray with two elements.
To put the items in two different childarrays, change the line
$php_stmt .= '[$level['.$start_level.']]';
to
$php_stmt .= '[$level['.$start_level.']][]';
To put in same childarray change line
$php_stmt .= '[$xml_elem[\'tag\']] = $xml_elem[\'value\'];';
to
$php_stmt .= '[$xml_elem[\'tag\']][] = $xml_elem[\'value\'];';
Hope this helps you!
tsivert

mad dot cat
this my love function:
<?php
function mc_parse_xml($filename)
{
   $xml = file_get_contents($filename);
   $p = xml_parser_create();
   xml_parse_into_struct($p, $xml, $values, $index);
   xml_parser_free($p);
   for ($i=0;$i<count($values);$i++) {
       if (isset($values[$i]['attributes'])) {
           $parent = $values[$i]['tag'];
           $keys = array_keys($values[$i]['attributes']);
           for ($z=0;$z<count($keys);$z++)
           {
               $content[$parent][$i][$keys[$z]] = $values[$i]['attributes'][$keys[$z]];
               if (isset($content[$parent][$i]['VALUE'])) $content[$parent][$i]['VALUE'] = $values[$i]['value'];
           }
       }
   }
   foreach ($content as $key => $values) {
       $content[$key] = array_values($content[$key]);
   }
   if (is_array($content)) return $content;
   else return false;
}
?>

noob
This is my first time contributing but I found all the examples either didn't work or were beyond my comprehension.  I also wanted to maintain the XML multi-dimensionality so I could do loops based on keys I was expecting rather than numbers or some other whatnot.  This script is probably way inefficient, but should give you a multidimensional array with a depth that will match the XML source.  Great for situations when you aren't sure what you'll be getting back.  Its also only based on the values array of xml_parse_into_str() using the 3 tag types (open, complete, and close) -- hopefully it will make more sense to other noobs.
Basically it just constructs a string ($php_prefix) that is tweaked if it hits an "open" or "close" tag and evaluated if it hits a "complete" tag.
Thanks.
<?php
# initiate curl session...
$ch = curl_init( "http://yourtargethost" ) or die ( "could not initialize curl" );
# set curl options...
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0 );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1 );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $request_str );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, 0 );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_REFERER, https://foobar.com" );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1 );
# execute curl commands...
$curl_result = curl_exec( $ch ) or die ( "could not execute the post" );
curl_close( $ch ); // close curl session
# pass the XML result into 2 arrays ( index and values )...
$p = xml_parser_create();
xml_parser_set_option($p, XML_OPTION_CASE_FOLDING, 0);
xml_parser_set_option($p, XML_OPTION_SKIP_WHITE, 1);
xml_parse_into_struct($p, $curl_result, $vals, $index);
xml_parser_free($p);
# create an empty used key tracker...
$used_keys = array();
# start a php array string (evaluated later)...
$php_prefix = "$"."my_array";
# loop through the values array...
foreach ($vals as $key => $val) {
if( $val['type'] == "open" ) {
$my_tag = $val['tag']; // pass the key tag into a more friendly looking variable...
$php_prefix .= "['".$my_tag."']"; # add a new level to the array string...
# begin used key checks to allow multidimensionality under the same tag, adds a number to the prefix if necessary...
if( ! array_key_exists( $my_tag, $used_keys ) ) {
$used_keys[$my_tag] = 0;
$php_prefix .= "[".$used_keys[$my_tag]."]";
}else {
$used_keys[$my_tag]++; // increment the key tracker to avoid overwriting existing key...
$php_prefix .= "[".$used_keys[$my_tag]."]";
}
} elseif( $val['type'] == "complete" ) {
$my_value = addslashes( $val['value'] ); # format the value for evaluation as a string...
$php_suffix = "['".$val['tag']."'] = \"".$my_value."\";"; # create a string with the tag and value to append to the current prefix (just used here)...
$php_str = $php_prefix.$php_used_prefix.$php_suffix;
eval( $php_str ); # write the string to the array structure...
}
if( $val['type'] == "close" ) {
$php_prefix = substr( $php_prefix, 0, strrpos( $php_prefix, "[" ) ); # cut off the used keys node...
$php_prefix = substr( $php_prefix, 0, strrpos( $php_prefix, "[" ) ); # cut off the end level of the array string prefix...
}
}
echo "<pre>";
//print_r ($index);
//echo "
";
//print_r ($vals);
//echo "
";
print_r ($my_array);
echo "</pre>";
?>

xademax
This is just another simple xml parser :)
<?php
class Xml
{
var $tag;
var $value;
var $attributes;
var $next;
}
function xml2array($xml_string)
{
$Parser = xml_parser_create();
xml_parser_set_option($Parser, XML_OPTION_CASE_FOLDING, 0);
xml_parser_set_option($Parser, XML_OPTION_SKIP_WHITE, 1);
xml_parse_into_struct($Parser, $xml_string, $Xml_Values);
xml_parser_free($Parser);
$XmlClass = array();
$LastObj = array();
$NowObj = &$XmlClass;
foreach($Xml_Values as $Xml_Key => $Xml_Value)
{
$Index = count($NowObj);
if($Xml_Value["type"] == "complete")
{
$NowObj[$Index] = new Xml;
$NowObj[$Index]->tag = $Xml_Value["tag"];
$NowObj[$Index]->value = $Xml_Value["value"];
$NowObj[$Index]->attributes = $Xml_Value["attributes"];
}
elseif($Xml_Value["type"] == "open")
{
$NowObj[$Index] = new Xml;
$NowObj[$Index]->tag = $Xml_Value["tag"];
$NowObj[$Index]->value = $Xml_Value["value"];
$NowObj[$Index]->attributes = $Xml_Value["attributes"];
$NowObj[$Index]->next = array();
$LastObj[count($LastObj)] = &$NowObj;
$NowObj = &$NowObj[$Index]->next;
}
elseif($Xml_Value["type"] == "close")
{
$NowObj = &$LastObj[count($LastObj) - 1];
unset($LastObj[count($LastObj) - 1]);
}

}
return $XmlClass;
}
$String = "
<parser>
<parseur_name>MyParser</parseur_name>
<category>
<name>Name 1</name>
<note>A note 1</note>
</category>
</parser>
";
$Xml = xml2array($String);
print_r($Xml);
?>
This exemple will show :
Array
(
   [0] => Xml Object
       (
           [tag] => parser
           [value] =>
           [attributes] =>
           [next] => Array
               (
                   [0] => Xml Object
                       (
                           [tag] => parseur_name
                           [value] => MyParser
                           [attributes] =>
                           [next] =>
                       )
                   [1] => Xml Object
                       (
                           [tag] => category
                           [value] =>
                           [attributes] =>
                           [next] => Array
                               (
                                   [0] => Xml Object
                                       (
                                           [tag] => name
                                           [value] => Name 1
                                           [attributes] =>
                                           [next] =>
                                       )
                                   [1] => Xml Object
                                       (
                                           [tag] => note
                                           [value] => A note 1
                                           [attributes] =>
                                           [next] =>
                                       )
                               )
                       )
               )
       )
)

09-aug-2002 09:20
This is based on a comment above by mh@mainlab.de.  This version makes more sense to me and I included a few comments that might make it more usefull for specific purposes.
// Look through $vals and $index,
// generated by parse_xml_data(),
// for $location.  $location resembles a unix path.
// E.g. "my/xml/path/to/my/data".
// Note: This is NOT a full-feature xml utility.
// Your path must be unique in the xml data
// and the tags must not contain slashes.
//
// returns: cdata from last element of $location
//          or NULL.
function get_xml_values($vals, $index, $location) {
 $location = explode('/', $location);
 $location_level = count($location);
 for ($n=0; $n<$location_level; ++$n) {
   $val_indexes=$index[$location[$n]];
   $good=0;
   for ($i=0; $i<count($val_indexes); ++$i) {
     $v = $vals[$val_indexes[$i]];
     // level is 1 based, n is 0 based:
     if ($v['level']-1 == $n) {
       if ($v['type'] == 'open') {
         // We found an open tag at the correct level.
         $good=1;
         break; // Remove break to avoid 'open' hiding
                // 'complete' at last $n. (Speed Vs. Robustness:
                // For now, I'm going with speed).
       }
       if ($v['type'] == 'complete') {
         // We found it, after finding all the prior elements:
         // You may want to change this to
         // return $v
         // so you can call $v['value'] and $v['attributes']
         return $v['value'];
       }
     }
   }
   if (!$good) {
     return NULL;
   }
 }
}

elad elrom
This is a quick fix for parsing XML from remote URL, some of the example above will work when trying to parse on your local server without "http://" but not when trying to parse from remote server using "http://www.URL"...
<?
$file="http://www.URL.com/file.XML";
$xml_parser = xml_parser_create();
$handle = fopen($file, "rb");
$contents = '';
while (!feof($handle)) {
 $data .= fread($handle, 8192);
}
fclose($handle);
xml_parse_into_struct($xml_parser, $data, $vals, $index);
xml_parser_free($xml_parser);
$params = array();
$level = array();
foreach ($vals as $xml_elem) {
 if ($xml_elem['type'] == 'open') {
  if (array_key_exists('attributes',$xml_elem)) {
    list($level[$xml_elem['level']],$extra) = array_values($xml_elem['attributes']);
  } else {
    $level[$xml_elem['level']] = $xml_elem['tag'];
  }
 }
 if ($xml_elem['type'] == 'complete') {
  $start_level = 1;
  $php_stmt = '$params';
  while($start_level < $xml_elem['level']) {
    $php_stmt .= '[$level['.$start_level.']]';
    $start_level++;
  }
  $php_stmt .= '[$xml_elem[\'tag\']] = $xml_elem[\'value\'];';
  eval($php_stmt);
 }
}
echo "<pre>";
print_r ($params);
echo "</pre>";
?>

stuart
This is a great little function for a lot of XML work, but note that this function does not handle XML entities properly.
The basic XML entities &lt; &gt; &amp; &quot; are fine, just anything else will not work:
If the entity is defined in the XML header, the parser will drop it completely from the struct it creates.
If the entity is not defined in the XML then the parser will crash out with an undefined entity error.
You should be able to work around this limitation by using a preg_replace on your XML string before passing it to the parser.
(Further details in Bug #35271; this is just a warning to those thinking of using this function for parsing real XML documents not just trivial XML examples)

dudus
This function return array from XML. Included attributes and tags in same level.
I wrote this function based on mmustafa code.
enjoy!
dUDA
-------------------------------
<?
function XMLtoArray($XML)
{
$xml_parser = xml_parser_create();
xml_parse_into_struct($xml_parser, $XML, $vals);
xml_parser_free($xml_parser);
// wyznaczamy tablice z powtarzajacymi sie tagami na tym samym poziomie
$_tmp='';
foreach ($vals as $xml_elem)
{
$x_tag=$xml_elem['tag'];
$x_level=$xml_elem['level'];
$x_type=$xml_elem['type'];
if ($x_level!=1 && $x_type == 'close')
{
if (isset($multi_key[$x_tag][$x_level]))
$multi_key[$x_tag][$x_level]=1;
else
$multi_key[$x_tag][$x_level]=0;
}
if ($x_level!=1 && $x_type == 'complete')
{
if ($_tmp==$x_tag)
$multi_key[$x_tag][$x_level]=1;
$_tmp=$x_tag;
}
}
// jedziemy po tablicy
foreach ($vals as $xml_elem)
{
$x_tag=$xml_elem['tag'];
$x_level=$xml_elem['level'];
$x_type=$xml_elem['type'];
if ($x_type == 'open')
$level[$x_level] = $x_tag;
$start_level = 1;
$php_stmt = '$xml_array';
if ($x_type=='close' && $x_level!=1)
$multi_key[$x_tag][$x_level]++;
while($start_level < $x_level)
{
  $php_stmt .= '[$level['.$start_level.']]';
  if (isset($multi_key[$level[$start_level]][$start_level]) && $multi_key[$level[$start_level]][$start_level])
  $php_stmt .= '['.($multi_key[$level[$start_level]][$start_level]-1).']';
  $start_level++;
}
$add='';
if (isset($multi_key[$x_tag][$x_level]) && $multi_key[$x_tag][$x_level] && ($x_type=='open' || $x_type=='complete'))
{
if (!isset($multi_key2[$x_tag][$x_level]))
$multi_key2[$x_tag][$x_level]=0;
else
$multi_key2[$x_tag][$x_level]++;
$add='['.$multi_key2[$x_tag][$x_level].']';
}
if (isset($xml_elem['value']) && trim($xml_elem['value'])!='' && !array_key_exists('attributes',$xml_elem))
{
if ($x_type == 'open')
$php_stmt_main=$php_stmt.'[$x_type]'.$add.'[\'content\'] = $xml_elem[\'value\'];';
else
$php_stmt_main=$php_stmt.'[$x_tag]'.$add.' = $xml_elem[\'value\'];';
eval($php_stmt_main);
}
if (array_key_exists('attributes',$xml_elem))
{
if (isset($xml_elem['value']))
{
$php_stmt_main=$php_stmt.'[$x_tag]'.$add.'[\'content\'] = $xml_elem[\'value\'];';
eval($php_stmt_main);
}
foreach ($xml_elem['attributes'] as $key=>$value)
{
$php_stmt_att=$php_stmt.'[$x_tag]'.$add.'[$key] = $value;';
eval($php_stmt_att);
}
}
}
return $xml_array;
} // END XMLtoArray
?>

php dot net
There's an updated version of cs-phpxml (http://sf.net/projects/cs-phpxml, or https://cs-phpxml.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/cs-phpxml/releases for the latest out of subversion) which easily converts an XML string into a PHP array.  Using my previous example:::
<?php
/**
*
* *********** EXAMPLE ***********
*
* Original file contents:
* <test xmlns="stuff">
*         <indexOne>hello</indexOne>
*         <my_single_index testAttribute="hello" />
*         <multiple_items>
*             <item>1</item>
*             <item>2</item>
*         </multiple_items>
* </test>
*
* Would return:::
*
* array(
*     TEST => array(
*         indexOne => hello,
*         my_single_index => NULL,
*         multiple_items => array(
*               items => array(
*                   0 => 1,
*                   1 => 2
*               )
*         ),
*     ),
* );
*/
?>
I've been using this in many production environments, and it's been very stable.  The syntax is pretty simple, too:::
<?php
require_once(dirname(__FILE__) ."/cs-phpxml/xmlParserClass.php");
$xmlParser = new xmlParser(file_get_contents("test.xml"));
$myArray = $xmlParser->get_tree(TRUE);
?>

phf
The code previously posted by noob at noobsrule dot com doesn't work when the same tag name is used at different levels.
(but perhaps "$php_used_prefix" was intended for that ?)
For example:
<RatedShipment>
 <TransportationCharges>
   ...
 </TransportationCharges>
 <RatedPackage>
   <TransportationCharges>
     ...
   </TransportationCharges>
 </RatedPackage>
</RatedShipment>
<?php
$p = xml_parser_create();
xml_parser_set_option($p, XML_OPTION_CASE_FOLDING, 0);
xml_parser_set_option($p, XML_OPTION_SKIP_WHITE, 1);
xml_parse_into_struct($p, $UPSxml, $values, $idx);
xml_parser_free($p);

// tracking used keys
$usedKeys = array();
$deepLevel = -1;
// start a php array string (evaluated later)
$forEvalPrefix = '$xml_array';

// loop throught the value array
foreach ($values as $key => $val) {
$tagName = $val['tag']; // pass the key tag into a more friendly looking variable
$level = $val['level']; // idem
if($val['type'] == 'open') {
$deepLevel++; // increase deep level
$forEvalPrefix .= '[\''. $tagName .'\']';

// begin used keys checks to allow multidimensionatity under the same tag
(isset($usedKeys[$level][$tagName])) ? $usedKeys[$level][$tagName]++ : $usedKeys[$level][$tagName] = 0;
$forEvalPrefix .= '['. $usedKeys[$level][$tagName] .']';
}
if($val['type'] == 'complete') {
($level > $deepLevel) ? $deepLevel++ : ''; // increase $deepLevel only if current level is bigger
$tagValue = addslashes($val['value'] ); // format the value for evaluation as a string
$forEvalSuffix = '[\''. $tagName .'\'] = \''. $tagValue .'\';'; // create a string to append to the current prefix
$forEval = $forEvalPrefix . $forEvalSuffix; // (without "$php_used_prefix"...)
eval($forEval); // write the string to the array structure
}
if($val['type'] == 'close') {
unset($usedKeys[$deepLevel]); // Suppress tagname's keys useless
$deepLevel--;
$forEvalPrefix = substr($forEvalPrefix, 0, strrpos($forEvalPrefix, '[')); // cut off the used keys node
$forEvalPrefix = substr($forEvalPrefix, 0, strrpos($forEvalPrefix, '[')); // cut off the end level of the array string prefix
}
}
echo '<pre>';
print_r ($xml_array);
echo '</pre>';
?>
MADmac ;-)

chris hester
The array generated from XML stores not only the elements but also any spaces and linebreaks between the tags. This results in a much longer array. (I had 24 array fields instead of 10!) To cure this use the following code when creating the parser:
<?php
$xml_parser = xml_parser_create();
xml_parser_set_option($xml_parser,XML_OPTION_SKIP_WHITE,1);
?>

webmaster
That parser also has a problem in which it will not parse more items than the current level it is on. That is, parsing this:  <1><2>A</2><2>B</2><2>C</2></1>
Will only result in this: A B
C is never processed.
It might be better with something like this:
         $file = get_url('http://news.search.yahoo.com/news/rss?p=current+events', URL_CONTENT);
         $data = $file['content'];
         $xml_parser = xml_parser_create();
         xml_parse_into_struct($xml_parser, $data, $vals, $index);
         xml_parser_free($xml_parser);
         //Uncomment the lines below to see the entire structure of your XML document
         //echo "<pre>INDEX: \n";
         //print_r ($index);
         //echo "\n \n \n VALUES:";
         //print_r ($vals);
         //echo "</pre>";
         $params = array();
         $level = array();
         $start_level = 1;
         foreach ($vals as $xml_elem) {
           if ($xml_elem['type'] == 'open') {
             if (array_key_exists('attributes',$xml_elem)) {
               list($level[$xml_elem['level']],$extra) = array_values($xml_elem['attributes']);
             } else {
               $level[$xml_elem['level']] = $xml_elem['tag'];
             }
           }
           if ($xml_elem['type'] == 'complete') {
             $php_stmt = '$params';
             while($start_level < $xml_elem['level']) {
               $php_stmt .= '[$level['.$start_level.']]';
               $start_level++;
             }
             $php_stmt .= '[$xml_elem[\'tag\']][] = $xml_elem[\'value\'];';
             eval($php_stmt);
             $start_level--;
           }
         }
         echo "<pre>";
         print_r ($params);
         echo "</pre>";
~Tim_Myth

no
Thanks to gdemartini's tree algorithm , I was able to create a variation that display's the information in a way that allows you to then easily parse the information with less code and process time. Here's the variation and I've also posted a quick function at the bottom that allows you to visually display complex arrays in human readable format. Hope this helps someone as much as gdemartini's functions helped me.
I decided to post it on my server as opposed to the forums as it was too large and needed some good html formatting.  It can found at http://www.devdump.com/phpxml.php .

ambi
Sorry.. unreachable and unneeded code in my posting above :-)
Here is the fixed version:
function xml_condense_tree($tree) {
   if ($tree["children"]) {
       unset($nodecounters);
       foreach ($tree['children'] as $index => $node) {
        if (!isset($nodecounters[$node['tag']]))
        $nodecounters[$node['tag']]=1;
        else $nodecounters[$node['tag']]++;
       }
   foreach ($tree['children'] as $index => $node) {
       if (isset($node['children'])) {
           $tree['children'][$index] = xml_condense_tree($node);
       } elseif (isset($node['value']) and !$node['attributes'] and $nodecounters[$node['tag']]==1) {
           $tree['values'][$node['tag']] = $node['value'];
           unset($tree['children'][$index]);
       }
   }
   }
   if (!$tree['children']) unset($tree['children']);
   
   return $tree;
}

p dot gasiorowski
Something similar to kieran's _xml2array, however much more faster.
------
class ObjectFromXML
{
   var $parser;
   var $iter = 0;
   var $path = array();
   var $xml = array();
   function ObjectFromXML($XML)
   {
       $this->parser = xml_parser_create();

       xml_set_object($this->parser, &$this);

       xml_parser_set_option($this->parser, XML_OPTION_SKIP_WHITE, 1);
       xml_parser_set_option($this->parser, XML_OPTION_CASE_FOLDING, 0);
       xml_set_element_handler($this->parser, "hanleTagStart", "hanleTagEnd");
       xml_set_character_data_handler($this->parser, "hanleTagCData");
       xml_parse($this->parser, $XML);
       xml_parser_free($this->parser);

$this->xml = $this->xml['_children'][0];
   }
   function getEvalPath()
   {
       return '$this->xml[' . "'" . implode("']['", $this->path) . "'" . ']';
   }
   function hanleTagStart($parser, $tag, $attributes)
   {
       array_push($this->path, '_children');
       array_push($this->path, ($this->iter++));
       $e = $this->getEvalPath();
       eval ($e . "['_name'] = \$tag;");
       if ($attributes !== array())
       {
           eval ($e . "['_attributes'] = \$attributes;");
       }
   }
   function hanleTagCData($parser, $cdata)
   {
       $e = $this->getEvalPath();
       eval ($e . "['_value'] = \$cdata;");
   }
   function hanleTagEnd($parser, $tag)
   {
       array_pop($this->path);
       array_pop($this->path);
   }
}

peter
Some of the code posted previously seemed absurdly complex, so I thought I'd see if I could simplify things a bit. Here's what I came up with.  (I'm still a PHP newbie, so perhaps I simplified too much.  ;-)  Untested for speed, but it *should* be pretty quick since it uses references instead of lookups or (gack) evals.
Enjoy!
/*
*  Convert a string containing XML into a nested array
*
*  Takes a raw XML string as input
*  Returns a nested array
*/
function xml2array ($xml_data)
{
   // parse the XML datastring
   $xml_parser = xml_parser_create ();
   xml_parse_into_struct ($xml_parser, $xml_data, $vals, $index);
   xml_parser_free ($xml_parser);
   // convert the parsed data into a PHP datatype
   $params = array();
   $ptrs[0] = & $params;  
   foreach ($vals as $xml_elem) {
       $level = $xml_elem['level'] - 1;
       switch ($xml_elem['type']) {
       case 'open':
           $tag_or_id = (array_key_exists ('attributes', $xml_elem)) ? $xml_elem['attributes']['ID'] : $xml_elem['tag'];
           $ptrs[$level][$tag_or_id] = array ();
           $ptrs[$level+1] = & $ptrs[$level][$tag_or_id];
           break;
       case 'complete':
           $ptrs[$level][$xml_elem['tag']] = (isset ($xml_elem['value'])) ? $xml_elem['value'] : '';
           break;
       }
   }
   
   return ($params);
}

mbirth
Searching for a nice and working way to get a RSS feed into an array-structure, I found the solution posted by kieran but disliked those several eval()s. So I wrote my own using references/pointers.
<?php
class RSSParser {
 
 var $struct = array();  // holds final structure
 var $curptr;  // current branch on $struct
 var $parents = array();  // parent branches of current branch
 
 function RSSParser($url) {
   $this->curptr =& $this->struct;  // set ref to base
   $xmlparser = xml_parser_create();
   xml_set_object($xmlparser, $this);
   xml_set_element_handler($xmlparser, 'tag_open', 'tag_close');
   xml_set_character_data_handler($xmlparser, 'cdata');
   $fp = fopen($url, 'r');
   while ($data = fread($fp, 4096))
     xml_parse($xmlparser, $data, feof($fp))
     || die(sprintf("XML error: %s at line %d",
        xml_error_string(xml_get_error_code($xmlparser)),
        xml_get_current_line_number($xmlparser)));
   fclose($fp);
   xml_parser_free($xmlparser);
 }
 
 function tag_open($parser, $tag, $attr) {
   $i = count($this->curptr['children']);
   $j = count($this->parents);
   $this->curptr['children'][$i]=array();  // add new child element
   $this->parents[$j] =& $this->curptr;  // store current position as parent
   $this->curptr =& $this->curptr['children'][$i];  // submerge to newly created child element
   $this->curptr['name'] = $tag;
   if (count($attr)>0) $this->curptr['attr'] = $attr;
 }
 
 function tag_close($parser, $tag) {
   $i = count($this->parents);
   if ($i>0) $this->curptr =& $this->parents[$i-1];  // return to parent element
   unset($this->parents[$i-1]);  // clear from list of parents
 }
 
 function cdata($parser, $data) {
   $data = trim($data);
   if (!empty($data)) {
     $this->curptr['value'] .= $data;
   }
 }
 
}
$myparser = new RSSParser('getitems.xml');
$anotherparser = new RSSParser('http://johndoe:secret@myfeeds.com/getfeed.xml');
print_r($myparser->struct);
print_r($anotherparser->struct);
?>

plusplus7
Quick and dirty function to get original file from $vals array in manual example. Build on this for custom parsing of individual elements (something like this should be built-in IMO).
<pre>
function parseVals($vals){
foreach($vals as $valobj){
if($valobj['type']=='open' || $valobj['type']=='complete'){
$retstr .= '<'.$valobj['tag'];
if(is_array($valobj['attributes'])){
foreach($valobj['attributes'] as $key=>$val){
$retstr .= " $key=\"$val\"";
}
}
}
if($valobj['type']=='open'){
$retstr .= '>'.$valobj['value'];
}elseif($valobj['type']=='complete' && $valobj['value']){
$retstr .= '>'.$valobj['value'].'</'.$valobj['tag'].'>';
}elseif($valobj['type']=='complete'){
$retstr .= ' />';
}elseif($valobj['type']=='cdata'){
$retstr .= $valobj['value'];
}elseif($valobj['type']=='close'){
$retstr .= '</'.$valobj['tag'].'>';
}
}
return $retstr;
}
</pre>

peter
Quick addendum to my post below... The code does *not* handle cases where multiple elements are used without attribute IDs, as is the case with the moldb example.  (It is probably worth noting that some of the other code below doesn't do this either, and is still more complex.)
It is not difficult to add that functionality, but I have yet to find an elegant way to integrate that feature, and since I don't need that functionality at the moment, I'm going leave that as an exercise to the reader.  ;-)
-p.

webmaster
Ps keep in mind that some Rss feeds include spurious tags as... html entities (see Google news Rss feeds: they include tables as &lt;table blah blah!).
If so, in my rssSnapper below add this:
<?php
$input=preg_replace("/(<!\\[CDATA\\[)|(\\]\\]>)/", '', $input);
$input=html_entity_decode($input); //<-- added line
?>
You may play around with the code and make it perfect, testing it on various feeds. Not _all_ XML is worth of an XML parser and the sleepless nights it entails.

amish
Previous parser worked great for me, except a few issues. It did not work well if the element has attributes. I had a huge xml with so many elements, and attributes. Somehow, it mixed up my array, and messed up the keys. Hope following code help fix those issues....
$xml_response = "
<test>
  <item>
    <name att=\"this should show up\">Item1</name>
    <id>item_1</id>
    <description> This is Item 1</description>
    <quantity>10</quantity>
    <navigation website='site1'>test1</navigation>
    <navigation website='site2'>test2</navigation>
  </item>
</test>
"
$parser = xml_parser_create();
xml_parser_set_option($parser,XML_OPTION_CASE_FOLDING,0);
xml_parser_set_option($parser,XML_OPTION_SKIP_WHITE,1);
xml_parse_into_struct($parser,$xml_response,$values,$tags);
xml_parser_free($parser);
$params = array();
$level = array();
foreach ($values as $xml_elem) {
$start_level = 1;
      if ($xml_elem['type'] == 'open') {
        if (array_key_exists('attributes',$xml_elem)) {
        list($level[$xml_elem['level']],$extra) = array_values($xml_elem['attributes']);
    } else {
        $level[$xml_elem['level']] = $xml_elem['tag'];
    }
          $name_array = array();
$i=0;
      }
      if ($xml_elem['type'] == 'complete') {
  if(!in_array($xml_elem['tag'], $name_array)){
    array_push($name_array, $xml_elem['tag']);
      $i=0;
    }else{
$i++;
        }
        $php_stmt = '$params';
        while($start_level < $xml_elem['level']) {
         $php_stmt .= '[$level['.$start_level.']]';        
           $test = $php_stmt;
           $start_level++;
        }
        $php_stmt .= '[$xml_elem[\'tag\']][$i] = $xml_elem[\'value\'];';
        if(isset($xml_elem['attributes'])){
          foreach ($xml_elem['attributes'] as $key=>$va){
        $attribute = '';
        $new_stmt = '';
        $attribute = "".$i."_attribute_".$key."";  
      $new_stmt .= $test.'[$xml_elem[\'tag\']][$attribute] = $va;';      
        eval($new_stmt);
            }
         }
         eval($php_stmt);
         $start_level--;
      }
      if ($xml_elem['type'] == 'close') {
  array_pop($level);
      }
}

siteres
PHP: XML to Array and backwards:
Here the XML with PHP solution: XML->Array and Array->XML.
Work with it as with usual array.
Sources are here:
http://mysrc.blogspot.com/2007/02/php-xml-to-array-and-backwards.html
(leave me comments:)
Example #1 (1.xml):
<ddd>
<onemore dd="55">
 <tt>333</tt>
 <tt ss="s1">555</tt>
 <tt>777</tt>
</onemore>
<two>sdf rr</two>
</ddd>
The code:
$xml=xml2ary(file_get_contents('1.xml'));
print_r($xml);
Here is the Array result:
Array
(
  [ddd] => Array (
          [_c] => Array (
                  [_p] => Array *RECURSION*
                  [onemore] => Array (
                          [_a] => Array (
                                  [dd] => 55
                              )
                          [_c] => Array (
                                  [_p] => Array  *RECURSION*
                                  [tt] => Array (
                                          [0] => Array (
                                                  [_v] => 333
                                              )
                                          [1] => Array (
                                                  [_a] => Array (
                                                          [ss] => s1
                                                      )
                                                  [_v] => 555
                                              )
                                          [2] => Array (
                                                  [_v] => 777
                                              )
                                      )
                              )
                      )
                  [two] => Array (
                          [_v] => sdf rr
                      )
              )
      )
)

efredricksen
Perhaps the one true parser:? I modified xademax's fine code to tidy it up, codewise and style wise, rationalize some minor crazyness, and make names fit nomenclature from the XML spec. (There are no uses of eval, and shame on you people who do.)
<?php
class XmlElement {
 var $name;
 var $attributes;
 var $content;
 var $children;
};
function xml_to_object($xml) {
 $parser = xml_parser_create();
 xml_parser_set_option($parser, XML_OPTION_CASE_FOLDING, 0);
 xml_parser_set_option($parser, XML_OPTION_SKIP_WHITE, 1);
 xml_parse_into_struct($parser, $xml, $tags);
 xml_parser_free($parser);
 $elements = array();  // the currently filling [child] XmlElement array
 $stack = array();
 foreach ($tags as $tag) {
   $index = count($elements);
   if ($tag['type'] == "complete" || $tag['type'] == "open") {
     $elements[$index] = new XmlElement;
     $elements[$index]->name = $tag['tag'];
     $elements[$index]->attributes = $tag['attributes'];
     $elements[$index]->content = $tag['value'];
     if ($tag['type'] == "open") {  // push
       $elements[$index]->children = array();
       $stack[count($stack)] = &$elements;
       $elements = &$elements[$index]->children;
     }
   }
   if ($tag['type'] == "close") {  // pop
     $elements = &$stack[count($stack) - 1];
     unset($stack[count($stack) - 1]);
   }
 }
 return $elements[0];  // the single top-level element
}
// For example:
$xml = '
<parser>
  <name language="en-us">Fred Parser</name>
  <category>
      <name>Nomenclature</name>
      <note>Noteworthy</note>
  </category>
</parser>
';
print_r(xml_to_object($xml));
?>
will give:
xmlelement Object
(
   [name] => parser
   [attributes] =>
   [content] =>
   [children] => Array
       (
           [0] => xmlelement Object
               (
                   [name] => name
                   [attributes] => Array
                       (
                           [language] => en-us
                       )
                   [content] => Fred Parser
                   [children] =>
               )
           [1] => xmlelement Object
               (
                   [name] => category
                   [attributes] =>
                   [content] =>
                   [children] => Array
                       (
                           [0] => xmlelement Object
                               (
                                   [name] => name
                                   [attributes] =>
                                   [content] => Nomenclature
                                   [children] =>
                               )
                           [1] => xmlelement Object
                               (
                                   [name] => note
                                   [attributes] =>
                                   [content] => Noteworthy
                                   [children] =>
                               )
                       )
               )
       )
)

vinod
My previous code was having some bugs in, that is fixed now
<?php
class CSLXmlReader {
private $tagstack;
private $xmlvals;  
private  $xmlvarArrPos;
private $xmlfile;
   function __construct($filename)  // constructor to intialize the stack and val array
   {
     
$this->tagstack = array();   // contain the open tags till now
$this->xmlvals = array();
$this->xmlvarArrPos = $this->xmlvals;  // temporary variable to hold the current tag position
$this->xmlfile = $filename;
   }
function readDatabase()
{
// read the XML database
$data = implode("", file($this->xmlfile));
$parser = xml_parser_create();
xml_parser_set_option($parser, XML_OPTION_CASE_FOLDING, 0);
xml_parser_set_option($parser, XML_OPTION_SKIP_WHITE, 1);
xml_parse_into_struct($parser, $data, $values, $tags);
xml_parser_free($parser);

foreach($values as $key => $val)  //
{
if($val['type'] == "open")
{
array_push($this->tagstack, $val['tag']);
$this->getArrayPath();
if(count($this->xmlvarArrPos) > 0 && (!array_key_exists(0,$this->xmlvarArrPos)))
{
$temp1 = $this->xmlvarArrPos;
$this->xmlvarArrPos =  array();
$this->xmlvarArrPos[0] = $temp1;
array_push($this->tagstack, 1);
}
else if( array_key_exists(0,$this->xmlvarArrPos)){
$opncount = count($this->xmlvarArrPos);
array_push($this->tagstack, $opncount);
}
$tagStackPointer += 1;
}else if($val['type'] == "close")
{
while( $val['tag'] != ($lastOpened = array_pop($this->tagstack))){}
}else if($val['type'] ==  "complete")
{
$this->getArrayPath();
if( array_key_exists($val['tag'],$this->xmlvarArrPos))
{
if(array_key_exists(0,$this->xmlvarArrPos[$val['tag']]))
{
$elementCount = count($this->xmlvarArrPos[$val['tag']]);
$this->xmlvarArrPos[$val['tag']][$elementCount] = $val['value'];
}else
{
$temp1 = $this->xmlvarArrPos[$val['tag']];
$this->xmlvarArrPos[$val['tag']] =  array();
$this->xmlvarArrPos[$val['tag']][0] = $temp1;
$this->xmlvarArrPos[$val['tag']][1] = $val['value'];
}
} else
{
$this->xmlvarArrPos[$val['tag']] = $val['value'];
}
}
}
reset($this->xmlvals);
return $this->xmlvals;
}
function getArrayPath()
{
reset($this->xmlvals);
$this->xmlvarArrPos = &$this->xmlvals;
foreach($this->tagstack as $key)
{
$this->xmlvarArrPos = &$this->xmlvarArrPos[$key];

}
}

}
$readerObj  = new CSLXmlReader("test.xml");
$xmlvals = $readerObj->readDatabase();
echo "########## XML Values In array as the multidimentional array  #############\n";
echo "<pre>";
print_r($xmlvals);
echo "</pre>";
?>

gordon
Many thanks to "dave at ovumdesign dot com" for his excellent routines based on the fine work of "gdemartini at bol dot com". I offer a further refinement below, which removes the duplication of the code to create a child node. The resulting tree is the same as in Dave's earlier version and so can be compacted using his "xml_condense_tree"
function xml_get_child(&$v, $children=NULL) {
  $c = array(); // the "child"
  if (isset($v['tag'])) $c['tag'] = $v['tag'];
  if (isset($v['value'])) $c['value'] = $v['value'];
  if (isset($v['attributes'])) $c['attributes'] = $v['attributes'];
  if (is_array($children)) $c['children'] = $children;
  return $c;
}
function xml_get_children(&$values, &$i) {
  $children = array();
  while ($i < count($values)) {
     $v = &$values[$i++];
     switch ($v['type']) {
        case 'cdata':
        case 'complete':
           $children[] = xml_get_child($v);
           break;
        case 'open':
           $children[] = xml_get_child($v, xml_get_children($values, $i));
           break;
        case 'close':
           break 2; // leave "while" loop
     }
  }
  return $children;
}
function xml_get_tree($file) {
  $data = join('', file($file));
  $p = xml_parser_create();
  xml_parser_set_option($p, XML_OPTION_CASE_FOLDING, 0);
  xml_parser_set_option($p, XML_OPTION_SKIP_WHITE,  1);
  xml_parse_into_struct($p, $data, $values);
  xml_parser_free($p);
  return xml_get_children($values, $i=0);
}

webmaster
It may be not entirely immaterial to stress that when you are dealing with incoming XML files such as RSS feeds, and you are about to include several of them in some page of yours, resorting to the PHP XML oriented functions is neither _necessarily_ the best idea, nor it is _strictly_ indispensable.
I have in mind, here, also a note that time ago was on this documentation by some info at gramba dot tv:
QUOTE
I was working with the xml2array functions below and had big performance problems. I fired them on a 20MB XML file and had to quit since all approaches of parsing where just too slow (more than 20 Minute parsing etc..). The solution was parsing it manually with preg_match, which increased performance by more than 20 times (processing time about 1 minute).
UNQUOTE
Calling in a specific XML structure function, and arranging a whole class, when all you want from an incoming files may be the contents of a few tags, is not the only option you are left with, when you are at PHP.
Here is a simple function that parses a XML RSS feed using no XML oriented function: keeping this in mind may spare you the need to create extremely complex classes as the ones we see here when _all_ you may want is a few titles and descriptions from an RSS (if that's your goal, you don't need XML parsers):
<?php
function rssSnapper($input='', $limit=0, $feedChannel='Yahoo!News'){
$input=file_get_contents($input);
if(!$input){return '';};
$input=preg_replace("/[\\n\\r\\t]+/", '', $input);
$input=preg_replace("/(<!\\[CDATA\\[)|(\\]\\]>)/", '', $input);
preg_match_all("/<item>(.*?)<\\/item>/", $input, $items, PREG_SET_ORDER);
$limit=(int)$limit;
$limit=($limit && is_numeric($limit) && abs($limit)<sizeof($items))? sizeof($items)-abs($limit): 0;
while(sizeof($items)>$limit){
$item=array_shift($items);
$item=$item[1];
preg_match_all("/<link>(.*?)<\\/link>/", $item, $link, PREG_SET_ORDER);
preg_match_all("/<title>(.*?)<\\/title>/", $item, $title, PREG_SET_ORDER);
preg_match_all("/<author>(.*?)<\\/author>/", $item, $author, PREG_SET_ORDER);
preg_match_all("/<pubDate>(.*?)<\\/pubDate>/", $item, $pubDate, PREG_SET_ORDER);
preg_match_all("/<description>(.*?)<\\/description>/", $item, $description, PREG_SET_ORDER);
if(sizeof($link)){ $link = strip_tags($link[0][1]); };
if(sizeof($title)){ $title = strtoupper( strip_tags($title[0][1]) ); };
if(sizeof($author)){ $author = strip_tags($author[0][1]); };
if(sizeof($pubDate)){ $pubDate = strip_tags($pubDate[0][1]); };
if(sizeof($description)){ $description = strip_tags($description[0][1]); };
print <<<USAVIT

<!-- ITEM STARTS -->
<div class="news_bg_trick">
<a href="$link" class="item" target="_blank">
<span class="title">$title<span class="channel">$feedChannel</span></span>
<span class="title_footer">
by <span class="author">$author</span> -
<span class="date">$pubDate</span>
</span>
<span class="description">$description</span>
</a>
</div>
<!-- ITEM ENDS -->

USAVIT;
}//out of loop
/*unitedscripters.com*/}
?>
The printing phase assigns Css class names: the output is thus fully customizable by a mere style sheet.
The use of strip_tags is a reminder from Chris Shiflett: distrust incoming data, always, anyway.
I hope no typos slipped in in transcription. Arguably not perfect, but I hope a good alternative idea to spending three days on a full fledged XML parser just to grab... three tags from a RSS feed!
bye, ALberto

php dot net
If you're interested in something that creates arrays in PHP, handles attributes well, and is easily transferrable back into XML, you may want to take a look at the cs-phpxml project at SourceForge.net (http://sf.net/projects/cs-phpxml).  It's not necessarily documented very well, but it will do something like this:
<?php
/**
*
* *********** EXAMPLE ***********
*
* Original file contents:
* <test xmlns="stuff">
* <indexOne>hello</indexOne>
* <my_single_index testAttribute="hello" />
* <multiple_items>
* <item>1</item>
* <item>2</item>
* </multiple_items>
* </test>
*
* Would return:
*
* array(
* TEST => array(
* type => 'open',
* attributes => array(
* xmlns => 'stuff'
* )
* INDEXONE => 'hello',
* MY_SINGLE_INDEX = array(
* type => 'complete',
*
* )
* )
* );
*/
?>
It's presently under development, but I'm using it in several production environments.  The XMLCreator is kinda clunky (builds XML within PHP code).  NOTE: it has a dependency on "cs-arraytopath", also available at sourceforge via http://sf.net/projects/cs-arraytopath .  The setup is a bit irritating, and it's fragile when handling quoting & formatting the data, but I think it's worth the hassle for most projects.

memandeemail
If you have de XML:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
<teste>
<teste>
<teste>
</teste>
</teste>
</teste>
this function will return this tags:
Array
(
   [teste] => Array
       (
           [0] => 0
           [1] => 1
           [2] => 2
           [3] => 3
           [4] => 4
       )
)
With this function (right below) will convert the struc to OPEN and CLOSE concept.
The New Struct:
Array
(
   [teste] => Array
       (
           [0] => 0
           [1] => 4
           [2] => 1
           [3] => 3
           [4] => 2
       )
)
The Function:
/**
* @return bool
* @param xml_array $values
* @param xml_array[reference] $tags
* @desc Reconstruct xml_parse_into_struct
*/
function reconstruct_tag($values, &$tags) {
unset($return);
foreach ($tags as $tkey => $tvalue) {
foreach ($tvalue as $vvalue) {
if ($values[$vvalue]['type'] == 'open' or $values[$vvalue]['type'] == 'complete') {
$return[$tkey][] = $vvalue;
}
if ($values[$vvalue]['type'] == 'open') {
foreach ($tvalue as $tv_value) {
if ($values[$tv_value]['type'] == 'close'
and $values[$tv_value]['level'] == $values[$vvalue]['level']) {
$return[$tkey][] = $tv_value;
}
}
}
}
}
$tags = $return;
return (bool) $tags;
}
Ahh, DO NOT forget this comment:
jukkaho at mail dot student dot oulu dot fi
29-Jun-2004 12:17
Everyone seems to forget the return value of this function (including people making examples!), but it is there for a reason:
0 if failed (invalid XML), 1 if succeeded.
Return value really is an integer, be careful with those === operators.

dustin
If you happen to have problems with weird charaters, I added this code to the first line of dUDA's function:
$XML = utf8_decode($XML);

adam tylmad
I've just debugged and optimized my xmlparser.
gdemartini's xml-example generates this structure:
stdClass Object
(
   [FORM] => stdClass Object
       (
           [SECTION] => stdClass Object
               (
                   [NAME] => Data
                   [EDITFIELD] => stdClass Object
                       (
                           [LABEL] => Text:
                           [NAME] => poll_text
                           [LENGTH] => 255
                           [SIZE] => 56
                           [REQUIRED] => T
                       )
                   [MEMOFIELD] => stdClass Object
                       (
                           [LABEL] => Options
                           [NAME] => options
                           [COLS] => 56
                           [ROWS] => 5
                           [REQUIRED] => T
                       )
               )
       )
)
the moldb example generates this structure:
stdClass Object
(
   [MOLDB] => stdClass Object
       (
           [MOLECULE] => Array
               (
                   [0] => stdClass Object
                       (
                           [NAME] => Alanine
                           [SYMBOL] => ala
                           [CODE] => A
                           [TYPE] => hydrophobic
                       )
                   [1] => stdClass Object
                       (
                           [NAME] => Lysine
                           [SYMBOL] => lys
                           [CODE] => K
                           [TYPE] => charged
                       )
               )
       )
)
here is the code. enjoy!
<?php
class XMLParser {
var $path;
var $result;
function cleanString($string) {
return trim(str_replace("'", "&#39;", $string));
}

function XMLParser($encoding, $data) {
$this->path = "\$this->result";
$this->index = 0;

$xml_parser = xml_parser_create($encoding);
xml_set_object($xml_parser, &$this);
xml_set_element_handler($xml_parser, 'startElement', 'endElement');
xml_set_character_data_handler($xml_parser, 'characterData');
xml_parse($xml_parser, $data, true);
xml_parser_free($xml_parser);
}

function startElement($parser, $tag, $attributeList) {
$this->path .= "->".$tag;
eval("\$data = ".$this->path.";");
if (is_array($data)) {
$index = sizeof($data);
$this->path .= "[".$index."]";
} else if (is_object($data)) {
eval($this->path." = array(".$this->path.");");
$this->path .= "[1]";
}
foreach($attributeList as $name => $value)
eval($this->path."->".$name. " = '".XMLParser::cleanString($value)."';");
}

function endElement($parser, $tag) {
$this->path = substr($this->path, 0, strrpos($this->path, "->"));
}

function characterData($parser, $data) {
if ($data = XMLParser::cleanString($data))
eval($this->path." = '$data';");
}
}
?>

john
I'm currently using this parser and it's working the way I want it to, but it has a little glitch and I was hoping maybe someone can let me know why.
Here's the parser and use for example purposes the following input:
$xml_response = '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<test>
   <item>First Item</item>
   <item>Second Item</item>
</test>'
$xml_parser = xml_parser_create();
xml_parse_into_struct($xml_parser, $xml_response, $vals, $index);
xml_parser_free($xml_parser);
$params = array();
$level = array();
foreach ($vals as $xml_elem) {
 if ($xml_elem['type'] == 'open') {
  if (array_key_exists('attributes',$xml_elem)) {
    list($level[$xml_elem['level']],$extra) = array_values($xml_elem['attributes']);
  } else {
    $level[$xml_elem['level']] = $xml_elem['tag'];
  }
 }
 if ($xml_elem['type'] == 'complete') {
  $start_level = 1;
  $php_stmt = '$params';
  while($start_level < $xml_elem['level']) {
    $php_stmt .= '[$level['.$start_level.']]';
    $start_level++;
  }
  $php_stmt .= '[$xml_elem[\'tag\']] = $xml_elem[\'value\'];';
  eval($php_stmt);
 }
}
echo "<pre>";
print_r ($params);
echo "</pre>";
At the output, only the last <item> shows (i.e.Second Item). The first one is lost.
What should I change so it keeps ALL <item> tags.

rob
I wrote this function in a bad mood, to get some data you can loop through. sprint_r or var_dump its output to see what it does. It's not pretty, but at least you can loop through the data without a LOT of hassle.
This can also be done with handlers, but I couldn't be bothered with global variables.
<?php
$data = xml_parse_into_struct($somexml);
function xml_getmeaningfuldata($data) {
foreach($data as $element) {
       if ($element['type'] == "open") {
               if (!$elementnos[$parents.$element['tag']]) {
                       $elementnos[$parents.$element['tag']] = 1;
               }
               $elements[$parents.$element['tag'].":". $elementnos[$parents.$element['tag']]]['attributes'] = $element['attributes'];
               $elements[$parents.$element['tag'].":". $elementnos[$parents.$element['tag']]]['value'] = trim($element['value']);
               $parents .= $element['tag'].":".$elementnos[$parents.$element['tag']]."^";
       }
       if ($element['type'] == "cdata") {
               if (trim($element['value'])) {
                       $elements[$parents.$element['tag'].":". $elementnos[$parents.$element['tag']]]['values'] = $element['value'];
               }
       }
       if ($element['type'] == "complete") {
               if (!$elementnos[$parents.$element['tag']]) {
                       $elementnos[$parents.$element['tag']] = 1;
               }
               $elements[$parents.$element['tag'].":". $elementnos[$parents.$element['tag']]]['attributes'] = $element['attributes'];
               $elements[$parents.$element['tag'].":". $elementnos[$parents.$element['tag']]]['value'] = trim($element['value']);
               $elementnos[$parents.$element['tag']]++;
       }
       if ($element['type'] == "close") {
               $parents = substr($parents, 0, strrpos(substr($parents, 0, -1), "^")+1);
               $elementnos[$parents.$element['tag']]++;
//              if (sizeof($parents) == 1) unset($parents);
       }
}
return $elements;
}

happyseb
I would just add something about the solution proposed by "gordon at kanazawa dot ac dot jp".
Something went wrong about the fact that "cdata" are treated the same way as "complete" in the xml_get_children first and in the xml_get_child then.
When ?
with this method, something like this :
<tagA>
 <tagB>valueB</tagB>
 valueA
 <tagC>valueC</tagC>
</tagA>
is considered as the same thing as
<tagA>
 <tagB>valueB</tagB>
 <tagA>valueA</tagA>
 <tagC>valueC</tagC>
</tagA>
The algorithm is nomore bijective.
Even if it might not be perfect :-) i propose a little modification of the xml_get_child function :
function xml_get_child(&$v, $children=NULL) {
     $c = array(); // the "child"
     if (isset($v['tag']) && $v['type'] != 'cdata') $c['tag'] = $v['tag'];
     if (isset($v['value'])) $c['value'] = $v['value'];
     if (isset($v['attributes'])) $c['attributes'] = $v['attributes'];
     if (is_array($children)) $c['children'] = $children;
     return $c;
}
moreover, the following function will take the tree (made from the xml_get_tree function) as a parameter and build the xml content back
   /*
   // setTree
   // set xml Tree from a well-formed array
   // manage indentation
   // Parameters are :
   // $1 (needed) : Tree to transform
   // $2 (optional) : Indentation type (default is one tabulation)
   // $3 (optional) : First indent (default is empty string)
   */
   function setTree($Atree, $indentType = ' ', $Sindent = '')
   {
     if (! isset ($Atree['tag']) && isset ($Atree['value'])) return ($Sindent.trim($Atree['value'])."\r\n") ;
     else {
       $Stemp = $Sindent.'<'.$Atree['tag'].' ' ;
       if (isset ($Atree['attributes']) && is_array ($Atree['attributes'])) {
         foreach ($Atree['attributes'] as $Aattribute => $Svalue) $Stemp .= $Aattribute.'="'.$Svalue.'" ' ;
       }
       if (! isset ($Atree['children']) && ! isset ($Atree['value'])) $Stemp .= '/>'."\r\n" ;
       else {
         $Stemp .= '>'."\r\n" ;
         if (isset ($Atree['value'])) $Stemp .= $Sindent.$indentType.trim($Atree['value'])."\r\n" ;
         if (isset ($Atree['children']) && is_array ($Atree['children']))
           foreach ($Atree['children'] as $Achild) $Stemp .= $this->setTree($Achild, $indentType, $Sindent.$indentType) ;
         $Stemp .= $Sindent.'</'.$Atree['tag'].'>'."\r\n" ;
       }
       return ($Stemp) ;
     }
   }

info
I was working with the xml2array functions below and had big performance problems. I fired them on a 20MB XML file and had to quit since all approaches of parsing where just too slow (more than 20 Minute parsing etc..). The solution was parsing it manually with preg_match, which increased performance by more than 20 times (processing time about 1 minute).
Rough example function with high performance:
<?php
function customXMLtoARRAY($xmlstring) {
// get all nodes
preg_match_all("#<node>(.*?)</node>#s",$xmlstring,$nodes);
$xmlstring = NULL;
$allnodes = array();
// put subnodes into node
while($nodes = array_pop($nodes[1])) {
$nodecontent = array();
// Content1
preg_match("#<content1>(.*?)</content1>#",$eventreihe,$val);
$nodecontent['content1'] = $val[1];

$allnodes[] = $nodecontent;

}
return $allnodes;
}
?>

voncken
I needed something a bit different:
this is the result of my xml2array function (from the moldb example)
Array
(
   [molecule] => Array
       (
           [0] => Array
               (
                   [name] => Alanine
                   [symbol] => ala
                   [code] => A
                   [type] => hydrophobic
               )
           [1] => Array
               (
                   [name] => Lysine
                   [symbol] => lys
                   [code] => K
                   [type] => charged
               )
       )
)
function xml2array($data)
 {
   //mvo voncken@mailandnews.com
   //original ripped from  on the php-manual:gdemartini@bol.com.br    
   //to be used for data retrieval(result-structure is Data oriented)    
   $p = xml_parser_create();
   xml_parser_set_option($p, XML_OPTION_SKIP_WHITE, 1);
   xml_parse_into_struct($p, $data, &$vals, &$index);
   xml_parser_free($p);
   $tree = array();
   $i = 0;
   //array_push($tree, array('tag' => $vals[$i]['tag'], 'attributes'=> $vals[$i]['attributes'],                            'children' => ));
   $tree = GetChildren($vals, $i);
   return $tree;
 }
function GetChildren($vals, &$i)
 {      
   $children = array();
   if ($vals[$i]['value']) array_push($children, $vals[$i]['value']);
       
   $prevtag = "";
   while (++$i < count($vals)) // so pra nao botar while true ;-)
   {      
     switch ($vals[$i]['type'])
     {      
        case 'cdata':
          array_push($children, $vals[$i]['value']);
          break;
        case 'complete':                      
          $children[ strtolower($vals[$i]['tag']) ] = $vals[$i]['value'];            
          break;
        case 'open':                                
         
          //restartindex on unique tag-name
          $j++;
          if ($prevtag <> $vals[$i]['tag']) {
          $j = 0;
  $prevtag = $vals[$i]['tag'];
}            
          $children[ strtolower($vals[$i]['tag']) ][$j] = GetChildren($vals,$i);
          break;
        case 'close':          
          return $children;
     }
   }    
 }

donna
I needed a very simple parser for a set of name-value pairs to be stored in a single database field. I started with the mold example, paired it down, picked up the "id" attributes. Perhaps it will be useful for someone else.
<?php
/* simple conversion for name-value fields */
$xmlInput = "<?xml version=\"1.0\"?>
<mcw_settings>
 <field id=\"imageAlign\">left</field>
 <field id=\"caption\">What a nice picture.</field>
</mcw_settings>";
$desiredResult = array (
'imageAlign' => "left",
'caption' => "What a nice picture."
);
function parseFields ($data)
{
// read the XML database of fields
$parser = xml_parser_create();
xml_parser_set_option($parser, XML_OPTION_CASE_FOLDING, 0);
xml_parser_set_option($parser, XML_OPTION_SKIP_WHITE, 1);
xml_parse_into_struct($parser, $data, $values, $tags);
xml_parser_free($parser);
$fields = null;
// loop through the structures
$fieldIndices = $tags['field'];
for ( $i=0; $i < count($fieldIndices); $i++ ) {
$fieldInfo = $values[$fieldIndices[$i]];
$fields[$fieldInfo['attributes']['id']] = $fieldInfo['value'];
}
return $fields;
}
$test = parseFields($xmlInput);
echo "** Result:\n";
print_r($test);
?>

bisqwit
I made my own xml2tree()-function.
The difference to the previously suggested ones on this manual page is that this creates a tree where the tags are keys.
Example input:
<tree>
<leaf name="gruu"> plöö </leaf>
<animal type="cat" />
</tree>
Example output:
Array
( 'tree' => Array
    ( 0 => Array
         ( 'children' => Array
              ( 'leaf' => Array
                   ( 0 => Array
                        ( 'attrs' => Array('name' => 'gruu'),
                          'values' => Array(0 => ' plöö ')
                   )    ),
                'animal' => Array
                   ( 0 => Array
                        ( 'attrs' => Array('type' => 'cat')
)    )   )    )    )   )
function xml2tree2($string)
{
 $parser = xml_parser_create();
 xml_parser_set_option($parser, XML_OPTION_CASE_FOLDING, 0);
 xml_parser_set_option($parser, XML_OPTION_SKIP_WHITE, 1);
 xml_parse_into_struct($parser, $string, $vals, $index);
 xml_parser_free($parser);
 
 $stack = array( array() );
 $stacktop = 0;
 $parent = array();
 foreach($vals as $val)
 {
   $type = $val['type'];
   if($type=='open' || $type=='complete')
   {
     // open tag
     $stack[$stacktop++] = $tagi;
     $tagi = array('tag' => $val['tag']);
     if(isset($val['attributes']))  $tagi['attrs'] = $val['attributes'];      
     if(isset($val['value']))
       $tagi['values'][] = $val['value'];
   }
   if($type=='complete' || $type=='close')
   {
     // finish tag
     $tags[] = $oldtagi = $tagi;
     $tagi = $stack[--$stacktop];
     $oldtag = $oldtagi['tag'];  
     unset($oldtagi['tag']);
     $tagi['children'][$oldtag][] = $oldtagi;
     $parent = $tagi;
   }
   if($type=='cdata')
   {
     $tagi['values'][] = $val['value'];
   }
 }
 return $parent['children'];
}        
Ps: Note that the xml parsing for some reason chokes if the values contain <> (even inside ""). You need to escape them as &lt; and &gt;.
Same for & (for obvious reasons). Escape it as &amp;.
For example "&nbsp;" should be written as "&amp;nbsp;".

matt
I liked VampBoy's code as it gave me structure pretty much as I wanted it. Just two notes, though:
There is a bug in this code. subdivide() checks for pre-existing values, but not in the case of a "complete" element.
In the following (appallingly bad) XML
<Names>
<Name>Matt</Name>
<Name>Stacy</Name>
<Names>
Only Stacy is added to Names in the array, wiping Matt in the process.
To fix this replace the following code
<?php
elseif ($dat[level] === $level && $dat[type] === "complete"){
  $newarray[$dat[tag]]=$dat[value];
}
?>
with
<?php
elseif ($dat[level] === $level && $dat[type] === "complete"){
    if (isset($newarray[$dat['tag']]) && is_array($newarray[$dat['tag']])){
         $newarray[$dat['tag']][] = $dat['value'];
    } elseif (isset($newarray[$dat['tag']]) && !is_array($newarray[$dat['tag']])){
         $newarray[$dat['tag']] = array($newarray[$dat['tag']], $dat['value']);
    } else {
         $newarray[$dat['tag']]=$dat['value'];
    }
}?>
Oh, also, note that the $dat[level], etc, WILL generate warnings, and should be more correctly written as $dat['level'].
The other thing I thought I should point out is that the array keys when created using xml_parse_into_struct will be an UPPERCASE version of your existing element names. If case is important, especially if you, like me, need mixedCase, do the following:
<?php
$xml_parser = xml_parser_create();
xml_parser_set_option($xml_parser,XML_OPTION_CASE_FOLDING,0);
?>

dave
Here is another variation on gdemartini@bol.com.br's nice tree algorithm. I have included nyk@cowham.net's "cdata" suggestion. I made a few changes to suppress unitialized variable warnings with error_reporting(E_ALL), and made a few stylistic changes.
There are two functional modifications as well. The first is the added option to expat to turn off "case folding", since XML is technically a case-sensitive language. The second is the returned tree - instead of returning a single-element list (an array with index 0 pointing to the top node) like the original algorithm, it returns the top node itself. This saves you an unnecessary level of indirection.
function xml_get_children($vals, &$i) {
   $children = array();
   if (isset($vals[$i]['value'])) $children[] = $vals[$i]['value'];
   while (++$i < count($vals)) {
       switch ($vals[$i]['type']) {
       case 'cdata':
           $children[] = $vals[$i]['value'];
           break;
       case 'complete':
           $children[] = array(
               'tag'        => $vals[$i]['tag'],
               'attributes' => isset($vals[$i]['attributes'])?
                               $vals[$i]['attributes'] : null,
               'value'      => $vals[$i]['value'],
           );
           break;
       case 'open':
           $children[] = array(
               'tag'        => $vals[$i]['tag'],
               'attributes' => isset($vals[$i]['attributes'])?
                               $vals[$i]['attributes'] : null,
               'children'   => xml_get_children($vals, $i),
           );
           break;
       case 'close':
           return $children;
       }
   }
}
function xml_get_tree($file) {
   $data = join('', file($file));
   $parser = xml_parser_create();
   xml_parser_set_option($parser, XML_OPTION_CASE_FOLDING, 0);
   xml_parser_set_option($parser, XML_OPTION_SKIP_WHITE,   1);
   xml_parse_into_struct($parser, $data, $vals, $index);
   xml_parser_free($parser);
   return array(
       'tag'        => $vals[0]['tag'],
       'attributes' => isset($vals[0]['attributes'])?
                       $vals[0]['attributes'] : null,
       'children'   => xml_get_children($vals, $i = 0),
   );
}
This function takes a tree returned by xml_get_tree() and simplifies it similarly to voncken@mailandnews.com and oknapp@soly.de's suggestions. It finds any nodes that expat considered "complete" (childless) and contain no attributes, and it moves the tag name (as the key) and value into an element in the parent node's "values" array.
For example:
$tree = xml_get_tree('moldb.xml');  
$tree = xml_condense_tree($tree);
echo $tree['children'][1]['values']['name'];
Outputs:
Lysine
function xml_condense_tree($tree) {
   foreach ($tree['children'] as $index => $node) {
       if (isset($node['children'])) {
           $tree['children'][$index] = xml_condense_tree($node);
       } elseif (isset($node['value']) and !$node['attributes']) {
           $tree['values'][$node['tag']] = $node['value'];
           unset($tree['children'][$index]);
       }
   }
   
   if (!$tree['children']) unset($tree['children']);
   return $tree;
}
Enjoy,
Dave

grusin
Here is a simple patch to peter's xml2array function.
Replace:
<?
case 'open':
$tag_or_id = (array_key_exists ('attributes', xml_elem)) ? $xml_elem['attributes']['ID'] : $xml_elem['tag'];
$ptrs[$level][$tag_or_id] = array ();
$ptrs[$level+1] = & $ptrs[$level][$tag_or_id];
break;
?>
with:
<?
case 'open':
$tag_or_id = (array_key_exists ('attributes', $xml_elem)) ? $xml_elem['attributes']['ID'] : $xml_elem['tag'];
$ptrs[$level][$tag_or_id][] = array ();
$ptrs[$level+1] = & $ptrs[$level][$tag_or_id][count($ptrs[$level][$tag_or_id])-1];
break;
?>
and now code should handle multiple element case :)

stephane dot dekeyzer
for writing the array of mmustafa back to a xml file, use this code:
function writeXmlFile($fileName, $struct){
 $f = fopen($fileName, "w");
 writeXmlToFile($struct, $f);
 fclose($f);
}
function writeXmlToFile($data, $f, $niv = 0){
 foreach($data as $name => $elem){
   if(is_array($elem)){
     fwrite($f, str_repeat("  ", $niv)."<".$name.">"."\n");
     writeXmlToFile($elem, $f, $niv + 1);
     fwrite($f, str_repeat("  ", $niv)."</".$name.">"."\n");
   }
   else{
     fwrite($f, str_repeat("  ", $niv)."<".$name.">".$elem."</".$name.">"."\n");
   }
 }
}

26-sep-2003 11:43
actually, using the notation
$object->property is the right one
and you can use it always, preventing errors with arrays

mmustafa
A small and simple php code to convert the raw array returned by xml_parse_into_struct into a proper data structure ..
<?php
$file = "data.xml";
$xml_parser = xml_parser_create();
if (!($fp = fopen($file, "r"))) {
   die("could not open XML input");
}
$data = fread($fp, filesize($file));
fclose($fp);
xml_parse_into_struct($xml_parser, $data, $vals, $index);
xml_parser_free($xml_parser);
$params = array();
$level = array();
foreach ($vals as $xml_elem) {
 if ($xml_elem['type'] == 'open') {
   if (array_key_exists('attributes',$xml_elem)) {
     list($level[$xml_elem['level']],$extra) = array_values($xml_elem['attributes']);
   } else {
     $level[$xml_elem['level']] = $xml_elem['tag'];
   }
 }
 if ($xml_elem['type'] == 'complete') {
   $start_level = 1;
   $php_stmt = '$params';
   while($start_level < $xml_elem['level']) {
     $php_stmt .= '[$level['.$start_level.']]';
     $start_level++;
   }
   $php_stmt .= '[$xml_elem[\'tag\']] = $xml_elem[\'value\'];';
   eval($php_stmt);
 }
}
echo "<pre>";
print_r ($params);
echo "</pre>";
?>
Converts an XML document like ..
<country id="ZZ">
<name>My Land</name>
<location>15E</location>
<area>40000</area>
<state1>
<name>Hi State</name>
<area>1000</area>
<population>2000</population>
<city1>
<location>13E</location>
<population>500</population>
<area>500</area>
</city1>
<city2>
<location>13E</location>
<population>500</population>
<area>5000</area>
</city2>
</state1>
<state2>
<name>Low State</name>
<area>3000</area>
<population>20000</population>
<city1>
<location>15E</location>
<population>5000</population>
<area>1500</area>
</city1>
</state2>
</country>
To a php datastructure like ..
Array
(
   [ZZ] => Array
       (
           [NAME] => My Land
           [LOCATION] => 15E
           [AREA] => 40000
           [STATE1] => Array
               (
                   [NAME] => Hi State
                   [AREA] => 1000
                   [POPULATION] => 2000
                   [CITY1] => Array
                       (
                           [LOCATION] => 13E
                           [POPULATION] => 500
                           [AREA] => 500
                       )
                   [CITY2] => Array
                       (
                           [LOCATION] => 13E
                           [POPULATION] => 500
                           [AREA] => 5000
                       )
               )
           [STATE2] => Array
               (
                   [NAME] => Low State
                   [AREA] => 3000
                   [POPULATION] => 20000
                   [CITY1] => Array
                       (
                           [LOCATION] => 15E
                           [POPULATION] => 5000
                           [AREA] => 1500
                       )
               )
       )
)

memandeemail
a BREAK on right place, will be faster and bugprevent
/**
* @return bool
* @param xml_array $values
* @param xml_array[reference] $tags
* @desc Reconstruct xml_parse_into_struct to open and close concept
*/
function reconstruct_tag($values, &$tags) {
unset($return);
foreach ($tags as $tkey => $tvalue) {
foreach ($tvalue as $vvalue) {
if ($values[$vvalue]['type'] == 'open' or $values[$vvalue]['type'] == 'complete') {
$return[$tkey][] = $vvalue;
}
if ($values[$vvalue]['type'] == 'open') {
foreach ($tvalue as $tv_value) {
if ($values[$tv_value]['type'] == 'close'
and $values[$tv_value]['level'] == $values[$vvalue]['level']
and $tv_value > $vvalue) {
$return[$tkey][] = $tv_value;
break;
}
}
}
}
}
$tags = $return;
return (bool) $tags;
}

sdh33
(The previous post I wrote was incorrect.  I fix that herein)
I used the algorithm from stephane for writing back to a file, but ran into the following problem.  My original XML looks like
<ENTRY id="1"> ... </ENTRY><ENTRY id="2"> ... </ENTRY>
This got saved back as
<1> ... </1><2> ... </2>,
which expat doesn't like.  So I propose the following modification:
function writeXmlToFile($data, $f, $niv = 0) {
 foreach($data as $name => $elem) {
   if (preg_match("/\A[0-9]/",$name)) {
     $open = "ENTRY id=\"$name\""; $name = "ENTRY";
   } else {
     $open = $name;
   }
   if(is_array($elem)) {
     fwrite($f, str_repeat("  ", $niv)."<".$open.">"."\n");
     writeXmlToFile($elem, $f, $niv + 1);
     fwrite($f, str_repeat("  ", $niv)."</".$name.">"."\n");
   } else {
     fwrite($f, str_repeat("  ", $niv)."<".$open.">".$elem."</".$name.">"."\n");
   }
 }
}

alf marius foss olsen
<?php
/*
 An easy lightweight (Array ->) XML -> Array algorithm..
 Typical case: You have an array you want to export to an external server,
               so you make XML out of it, exports it, and "on the other side"
               make it into an array again. These two functions will take care
               of that last part, ie XML -> Array
 
 NOTE! The function XMLToArray assumes that the XML _dont_ have nodes on the
       same level with the same name, then it just wont work. This is not a
       problem, as this case deals with Array -> XML -> Array, and an array
       cant have to identical indexes/keys.
*/
function XMLToArray($xml) {
 $parser = xml_parser_create('ISO-8859-1'); // For Latin-1 charset
 xml_parser_set_option($parser, XML_OPTION_CASE_FOLDING, 0); // Dont mess with my cAsE sEtTings
 xml_parser_set_option($parser, XML_OPTION_SKIP_WHITE, 1); // Dont bother with empty info
 xml_parse_into_struct($parser, $xml, $values);
 xml_parser_free($parser);
 
 $return = array(); // The returned array
 $stack = array(); // tmp array used for stacking
 foreach($values as $val) {
   if($val['type'] == "open") {
     array_push($stack, $val['tag']);
   } elseif($val['type'] == "close") {
     array_pop($stack);
   } elseif($val['type'] == "complete") {
     array_push($stack, $val['tag']);
     setArrayValue($return, $stack, $val['value']);
     array_pop($stack);
   }//if-elseif
 }//foreach
 return $return;
}//function XMLToArray
 
function setArrayValue(&$array, $stack, $value) {
 if ($stack) {
   $key = array_shift($stack);
   setArrayValue($array[$key], $stack, $value);
   return $array;
 } else {
   $array = $value;
 }//if-else
}//function setArrayValue
 
// USAGE:
$xml = <<<QQQ
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<root>
 <node1>Some text</node1>
 <node2a>
   <node2b>
     <node2c>Some text</node2c>
   </node2b>
 </node2a>
</root>\n
QQQ;
$array = XMLToArray($xml);
print "<pre>";
print_r($array);
print "</pre>";
//  Output:
//
//  Array
//  (
//      [root] => Array
//          (
//              [node1] => Some text
//              [node2a] => Array
//                  (
//                      [node2b] => Array
//                          (
//                              [node2c] => Some text
//                          )
//                  )
//          )
//  )
?>

kieran
<?
/*
|
| _xml2array - another abstraction layer on xml_parse_into_struct
|              that returns a nice nested array.
|
|      @param: $xml is a string containing a full xml document
|
|     returns: a nested php array that looks like this:
|                  
|              array
|              (
|                  [_name] => the name of the tag
|                  [_attributes] => an array of 'attribute'=>'value' combos
|                  [_value] => the text contents of the node
|                  [_children] => an array of these arrays, one for each node.
|              )
|
|       notes: thanks to 'jeffg at activestate dot com' who inspired
|              me to essentially re-write his example code from php.net
|
|   me: Kieran Huggins < kieran[at]kieran[dot]ca >
|
*/
function _xml2array($xml){
global $keys;
global $level;
if(!is_array($xml)){ // init on first run
$raw_xml = $xml;
$p = xml_parser_create();
xml_parser_set_option($p, XML_OPTION_CASE_FOLDING, 0);
xml_parser_set_option($p, XML_OPTION_SKIP_WHITE, 1);
xml_parse_into_struct($p, $raw_xml, $xml, $idx);
xml_parser_free($p);
}
for($i=0;$i<count($xml,1);$i++){
// set the current level
$level = $xml[$i]['level'];
if($level<1)break;
// mark this level's tag in the array
$keys[$level] = '['.$i.']';

// if we've come down a level, sort output and destroy the upper level
if(count($keys)>$level) unset($keys[count($keys)]);
// ignore close tags, they're useless
if($xml[$i]['type']=="open" || $xml[$i]['type']=="complete"){
// build the evalstring
$e = '$output'.implode('[\'_children\']',$keys);
// set the tag name
eval($e.'[\'_name\'] = $xml[$i][\'tag\'];');
// set the attributes
if($xml[$i]['attributes']){
eval($e.'[\'_attributes\'] = $xml[$i][\'attributes\'];');
}

// set the value
if($xml[$i]['value']){
eval($e.'[\'_value\'] = trim($xml[$i][\'value\']);');
}
}
}
return $output;
}
?>

30-mar-2006 08:57
$simple = '<?xml version="1.0"?>
<moldb>
   <molecule>
       <name>Alanine</name>
       <symbol>ala</symbol>
       <code>A</code>
       <type>hydrophobic</type>
   </molecule>
   <molecule>
       <name>Lysine</name>
       <symbol>lys</symbol>
       <code>K</code>
       <type>charged</type>
   </molecule>
</moldb>';
$p = xml_parser_create();
xml_parse_into_struct($p, $simple, $vals, $index);
xml_parser_free($p);
echo "<pre>";
echo "Index array\n";
print_r($index);
echo "\nVals array\n";
print_r($vals);
foreach ($vals as $k => $v) {
   $i = 0;
   if (trim($v['value']) != '') {
       if ($arr[$i][$v['tag']] != '') {
           $i ++;
       }
       $arr[$i][$v['tag']] = $v['value'];
   }
}

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utf8_decode
utf8_encode
xml_error_string
xml_get_current_byte_index
xml_get_current_column_number
xml_get_current_line_number
xml_get_error_code
xml_parse_into_struct
xml_parse
xml_parser_create_ns
xml_parser_create
xml_parser_free
xml_parser_get_option
xml_parser_set_option
xml_set_character_data_handler
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xml_set_external_entity_ref_handler
xml_set_notation_decl_handler
xml_set_object
xml_set_processing_instruction_handler
xml_set_start_namespace_decl_handler
xml_set_unparsed_entity_decl_handler
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